Study of the optical and luminescent properties of carbon nanoparticles using the microphotoluminescence method
S. A. Kazaryan, N. F. Starodubtsev
The important features of the optical, luminescent and emission properties of aqueous solutions of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) of various types, in the interaction of particles with electromagnetic radiation, have been studied and analyzed. It is shown that the functional groups of CNPs play the dominant role in the spectra of particles optical absorption and photoluminescence (PL). Hydrothermal (HT) treatment of CNPs in the presence of ammonia and thermal treatment of particles in a solution of hydrogen peroxide, have a strong influence on the absorption spectra, PL and quantum yield (QY) of emission. It was found that the main PL bands of CNPs are formed by superposition of several separate PL bands associated with electronic transitions of various types of radiative centers, and their excited states are located in the band gap of the carbon core of the particles. It was established that this circumstance is the reason for the dependence of the position of the peak of PL band of most types of CNPs on the excitation wavelength. The linear dependences of the position of the maximum of PL band and the magnitude of QY emission on temperature and the exponential dependence on the time of the HT treatment were established. The method of exposure to exciting radiation has shown that the change in PL intensity and QY emission value under the influence of electromagnetic radiation is due to photostimulated change in the surface recombination rate and diffuse particle processes in the region of excitation of CNPs solutions. The possibility of investigating the stability of PL and QY by exposure of CNPs solutions to excitation radiation has been demonstrated.
Keywords: luminescence of nanoparticles, fluorescence of nanoparticles, luminescence of quantum dots, carbon nanoparticles, carbon quantum dots, emission quantum yield of the nanoparticles, synthesis of carbon nanoparticles and quantum dots.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-8-5-21
Kazaryan Samvel — Lebedev Physical Institute of Russian Academy of Science (Leninsky prospect 53, 119991, Moscow, Russia), PhD (Phys-Math), head of the Department, specialist in the field of luminescence of semiconductors, diamonds, nanosized carbons, as well as technology for the synthesis of nanoporous materials and electrochemical supercapacitors. E-mail: skazaryan.fian@gmail.com.
Starodubtsev Nikolai — Lebedev Physical Institute of Russian Academy of Science (Leninsky prospect 53, 119991, Moscow, Russia), PhD (Phys-Math), head of the Department, specialist in quantum electronics, semiconductor lasers, optics, nanosized materials technology, and electrochemical supercapacitors. E-mail: nfstaro@gmail.com.
Reference citing
Kazaryan S. A., Starodubtsev N. F. Issledovanie opticheskih i lyuminescentnyh svojstv uglerodnyh nanochastic metodom mikrofotolyuminescencii [Study of the optical and luminescent properties of carbon nanoparticles using the microphotoluminescence method]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2019, no. 8, p. 5 – 21. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-8-5-21
Magnetoelectric properties of multilayer
gallium arsenide – nickel – tin – nickel structure
D. A. Filippov, I. N. Manicheva, V. M. Laletin
The work describes the manufacturing technology, the results of a theoretical and experimental study of the magnetoelectric effect in a multilayer structure obtained by the method of galvanic deposition of alternating layers of nickel and tin on a gallium arsenide substrate are presented. It was established experimentally that the use of tin as an intermediate layer reduces the mechanical stresses arising from the inconsistency of the lattice parameters at the gallium nickel-arsenide interface, which makes it possible to obtain high-quality multilayer structures with a nickel layer thickness of about 100 microns. Based on the joint solution of the equations of elastodynamics and electrostatics for the magnetostriction, piezoelectric and buffer layers, an expression is obtained for the magnetoelectric voltage coefficient. It is theoretically shown and experimentally confirmed that its frequency dependence has a resonant character, and the magnitude of the resonant frequency with increasing number of layers gradually decreases from the value corresponding to the natural frequency of the plate of gallium arsenide, approaching the value corresponding to the frequency of natural oscillation of the plate consisting of nickel and tin, whose thickness is equal to twice the thickness of the nickel layer. It was established experimentally that in the of electromechanical resonance region these structures have a high Q-1000 Q, which is much higher than the Q-factor of the magnetoelectric structures made by the method of gluing, and have good adhesion between the layers. These structures are promising for creating devices based on the magnetoelectric effect.
Keywords: magnetostriction, piezoelectricity, magnetoelectric effect, gallium arsenide, nickel, tin, adhesion, galvanic deposition.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-8-22-31
Filippov Dmitry — Yaroslav the Wise Novgorod State University (B. Ul. Peterburgskaya, 41, Velikii Novgorod, 173003, Russia), Dr Sci (Phys-Math), professor, head of Engineering technology department, specialist in the field of physics of magnetic phenomena and piezoelectricity. E-mail: Dmitry.Filippov@novsu.ru.
Manicheva Irina — Yaroslav the Wise Novgorod State University (B. Ul. Peterburgskaya, 41, Velikii Novgorod, 173003, Russia), postgraduate student, specialist in the field of physics of magnetic phenomena and piezoelectricity. E-mail: manicheva.i@mail.ru.
Laletin Vladimir — Institute of Technical Acoustics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, (Lyudnikava Praspekt, 13, Vitebsk, BY-210023 Belarus), PhD (Phys-Math), senior scientist, expert in material science. E-mail: laletin57@rambler.ru.
Reference citing
Filippov D. A., Manicheva I. N., Laletin V. M. Magnitoelektricheskie mnogoslojnye struktury arsenid galliya – nikel' – olovo – nikel' [Magnetoelectric properties of multilayer gallium arsenide – nickel – tin – nickel structure]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2019, no. 8, p. 22 – 31. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-8-22-31
Modeling of loss mass of polymer material under electronic irradiation in vacuum
R. Kh. Khasanshin
A general approach to modeling the mass loss of polymer composites under space conditions is proposed. The case of the effect of radiation-stimulated evaporation on the mass loss of the polymer composite in vacuum upon irradiation of 10 – 50 keV electrons is considered in detail. It is shown that the energy loss and density of the electron flow, as well as the mass fraction of the filler in the material, affect the mass loss of the polymer composite. In particular, it was found that the mass loss of the studied materials when irradiated in vacuum at a fixed density of the radiation energy flux decreases with increasing electron energy Еo. This is explained by the fact that the smaller Еo, the greater the stopping power, therefore, the larger quantities and in the thinner surface layer of the material produce radiolysis products. In this case, the gas permeability of the irradiated layer of the material grows with the energy absorbed in it and the products of radiolysis are released into the vacuum more quickly. It was established experimentally that at φ = 1011 cm–2s–1, the mass loss of the materials studied occurs mainly due to radiation-stimulated gas release, and at φ = 1012 cm–2s–1 and the value of Еo = 10 keV, the weight of the evaporated material in the total loss mass of polymeric material is more than 50 %.
Keywords: polymeric material; electron irradiation; mass loss; radiolysis; evaporation; mathematical model.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-8-32-41
Khasanshin Rashid — Joint-stock company Kompozit (4, Pionerskay ul., 141070 Korolev, Moscow region, Russia), PhD, assistant professor, head of laboratory, specialist in the field of interaction of ionizing radiation with matter, mathematical modeling. E-mail: rhkhas@mail.ru.
Reference citing
Khasanshin R. Kh. Modelirovanie poteri massy polimernogo materiala pri elektronnom obluchenii v vakuume [Modeling of loss mass of polymer material under electronic irradiation in vacuum]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2019, no. 8, p. 32 – 41. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-8-32-41
Polylactic acid thin films properties after steam sterilization
N. M. Ivanova, E. O. Filippova, V. F. Pichugin, D. A. Karpov
This paper presents data on the effects of steam sterilization on the properties of thin films based on polylactic acid. It has been established that thin films based on polylactic acid and poured from solutions of 10, 20, and 30 grams have two topographically different sides. One side (internal) has more prominent surface. Another side (external) has the smooth surface. It is reflected in the roughness parameters. Ra of the internal side varies from 0.01 to 0.018 μm. Ra of the outer side is 0.17 – 0.4 μm. The average roughness increases from 0.17 to 0.4 μm with an increasing in the mass of the solution poured into films. Sterilization contributes to a change of the polylactic acid films surface and makes films profile more prominent. It leads to a significant increasing of the both sides roughness by more than 5 times. In addition, it was found that thin polylactic acid films have hydrophobic (θ = 80°) properties. Steam sterilization reduces the wetting angle by 14 – 15° (17 – 18 %), increases the surface energy values to a greater extent due to the polar component. This changes increase the studied material hydrophilicity.
Keywords: polylactic acid, biodegradable implants, roughness, thin films, hygroscopicity, sterilization, edge angle, autoclaving.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-8-42-52
Ivanova Nina — Tomsk Polytechnic University (Tomsk, 634050, Lenin Avenue, 30), assistant, specialist in materials science. E-mail: ivanovanina91@mail.ru.
Filippova Ekaterina — Tomsk Polytechnic University (Tomsk, 634050, Lenin Avenue, 30), engineer, PhD (Eng), specialist in the field of medical devices. E-mail: katerinabosix@mail.ru.
Pichugin Vladimir — Tomsk Polytechnic University (Tomsk, 634050, Lenin Avenue, 30), professor, Dr Sci (Phys-Math), specialist in solid state physics. E-mail: pichugin@tpu.ru.
Karpov Dmitry — Tomsk Polytechnic University (Tomsk, 634050, Lenin Avenue, 30), engineer, specialist in the field of microscopy. E-mail: hardrijam@gmail.com.
Reference citing
Ivanova N. M., Filippova E. O., Pichugin V. F., Karpov D. A. Svojstva tonkih plenok na osnove polimolochnoj kisloty posle parovoj sterilizacii [Polylactic acid thin films properties after steam sterilization]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2019, no. 8, p. 42 – 52. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-8-42-52
Effect of matrix on properties of cermet plasma coatings
based on titanium carbide
V. I. Kalita, G. A. Pribytkov, D. I. Komlev, V. V. Korzhova,
A. A. Radiuk, A. V. Baranovskiy, A. A. Mihajlova,
A. Yu. Ivannikov, A. V. Alpatov, M. G. Krinitсyn
Comparative studies of cermet coatings with titanium carbide and matrices from high-speed steel grade 10Р6М5 and self-fluxing alloy based on nickel H77X15C3P2 were carried out. The powders were obtained by self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS). The coatings were formed by plasma spraying with local protection. The introduction of additional carbon into cermet TiC – 10Р6М5 – 2.38 C made it possible to compensate for carbon losses during plasma spraying and to form a coating with an additional carbon content of 1.35 %. The content of titanium carbide phase in the coating is retained, however, the period of the carbide lattice is reduced, more so for coating with a nickel-based matrix. The content of oxygen and nitrogen in the coatings with respect to the initial powders increases mainly in the cermet containing the steel matrix. The presence of silicon and boron in the cermet grade obtained with the matrix from the alloy H77X15C3P2 did not reduce the loss of carbon in the coating. The microhardness of the obtained coatings, measured with a load on the indenter of 20 g, is 19 – 65 % higher than the microhardness of the particles of the sprayed powders. The highest values of microhardness, 16.34 GPa, were obtained in a cermet coating sprayed from a powder with an additional carbon content of 45.23 TiC – 52.39 10Р6М5 – 2.39 C.
Keywords: plasma cermet coatings, TiC, matrix, 10Р6М5, Н77Х15С3Р2, lattice period, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen content, microhardness.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-8-53-64
Kalita Vasilii — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS (Moscow, 119334, Leninsky Prospect, 49), Dr Sci (Eng), head of laboratory, specialist in the field of plasma spraying. E-mail: vkalita@imet.ac.ru.
Pribytkov Gennady — Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS (ISPMS SB RAS, 2/4, Academicheskii pr., Tomsk, Russia, 634055), Dr Sci (Eng), general researcher, laboratory of Physics of nanostructural functional materials, specialist in powder metallurgy, composite materials, wear-resistant coatings. E-male: gapribyt@mail.ru.
Komlev Dmitrii — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS (Moscow, 119334, Leninsky Prospect, 49), PhD (Eng), leading researcher, specialist in the field of plasma spraying. E-mail: imet-lab25@yandex.ru.
Korzhova Victoria — Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS (ISPMS SB RAS, 2/4, Academicheskii pr., Tomsk, Russia, 634055), PhD (Eng), researcher in the Laboratory of Physics of nanostructural functional materials, specialist in powder metallurgy, composite materials, wear-resistant coatings. E-mail: Vicvic5@mail.ru.
Radiuk Aleksei — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS (Moscow, 119334, Leninsky Prospect, 49), junior researcher, specialist in the field of plasma spraying. E-mail: imet-lab25@yandex.ru.
Baranovskiy Anton — Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU, 30, Lenin prosp., Tomsk, Russia, 634050), undergraduate student, area of interests: powder metallurgy, composite materials, wear-resistant coatings. E-male: nigalisha@gmail.com.
Mihajlova Aleksandra — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS (Moscow, 119334, Leninsky Prospect, 49), PhD (Eng), senior researcher, specialist in the field of X-ray analysis. E-mail: sasham1@mail.ru.
Ivannikov Alexander — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS (Moscow, 119334, Leninsky Prospect, 49), PhD (Eng), senior researcher, specialist in the field of plasma spraying. E-mail: imet-lab25@yandex.ru.
Alpatov Aleksandr — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS (Moscow, 119334, Leninsky Prospect, 49), PhD (Eng), senior researcher, specialist in the field of elemental analysis of powders of oxygen, nitrogen and carbon. E-mail: alpat72@mal.ru.
Krinitсyn Maxim — Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS (ISPMS SB RAS, 2/4, Academicheskii pr., Tomsk, Russia, 634055), technologist in the laboratory of Physics of nanostructural functional materials, specialist in powder metallurgy, composite materials, wear-resistant coatings. E-mail: krinmax@gmail.com.
Reference citing
Kalita V. I., Pribytkov G. A., Komlev D. I., Korzhova V. V., Radiuk A. A., Baranovskiy A. V., Mihajlova A. A., Ivannikov A. Yu., Alpatov A. V., Krinitсyn M. G. Vliyanie matricy na svojstva kermetnyh plazmennyh pokrytij na osnove karbida titana [Effect of matrix on properties of cermet plasma coatings based on titanium carbide]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2019, no. 8, p. 53 – 64. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-8-53-64
Structural evolution of high-speed steel
in selective electron beam manufacturing
S. F. Gnyusov, A. A. Zelenkov
Structural evolution of a HSS steel selectively electron beam deposited from 50 – 350 mm size powder has been studied using optical and scanning electron beam microscopies. The deposition was conducted in vacuum under controlling the electron beam power, diameter, scanning length and substrate motion velocity. As established a multimodal carbide phase size distribution was formed as depended on the electron beam passes (maximum 18 passes) with primary coarse eutectic M6C carbides on the primary austenite grain boundaries, fine secondary M6C carbides and finest VC carbides. The eutectic carbide changes its morphology with the number of electron beam passes from dendrites to isolated globular particles. Secondary < 250 mm size carbide particles are found inside of the matrix grains. The matrix is composed of martensite and austenite grains and the martensite content grows from 77 to 95 vol. % with the electron beam pass number. This results in increasing the mean microhardness level and more homogeneous distribution of the deposited metal. Also the martensite phase needles become coarser with increasing the electron beam pass number.
Keywords: selective electron beam additive manufacturing, HSS, structure, microhardness.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-8-65-70
Gnyusov Sergey — Tomsk Polytechnic University (634050, Tomsk, Pr Lenina, 30), Dr Sci, professor, specialist in developing and studying of materials made using concentrated energy fluxes. E-mail: gnusov@rambler.ru.
Zelenkov Alexey — Tomsk Polytechnic University (634050, Tomsk, pr. Lenina, 30), postgraduate student, specialist in electron beam developing and processing of materials. E-mail: alexeyzelenkov@yandex.ru.
Reference citing
Gnyusov S. F., Zelenkov A. A. Evolyuciya struktury bystrorezhushchej stali v processe selektivnoj elektronno-luchevoj naplavki [Structural evolution of high-speed steel in selective electron beam manufacturing]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2019, no. 8, p. 65 – 70.
Influence of explosive welding parameters to the structure
of interface in brass-invar thermobimetal
I. V. Saikov, A. Yu. Malakhov, G. R. Saikova,
I. V. Denisov, P. Yu. Gulyaev
The influence of kinematic parameters of explosive welding of brass L63 with Invar 36N on the quality of the layers and the structure of the welding zone of thermobimetal grade TB 1353 (TB 130/17) was experimentally studied. It is shown that since an alloy L63 containing a fusible component (zinc) is used as an active layer in the thermobimetal, the choice of welding mode should be carried out taking into account the prevention of the “ejection” effect. In this case, the flow of shock-compressed gas with high pressure, moving in the gap at high speed, carries a low-melting phase, therefore, reduces the strength of the connection up to full loss of strength, as well as violated phase (chemical) homogeneity of the layers in the welding zone. Joints of performed thermobimetals were tested by ultrasonic flow detector. The structure of the welding zone was investigated by optical and electron microscopy on metallographic section. Conditions toughness of layers during breaking off was determined on the ring samples. Tests on lateral bending and bending of the cladding layer inside were carried out. Optimum mode, providing the explosive welding in the solid phase with 100 % continuity of the adhesion layers, toughness of layers during breaking off at the level of the strength of brass and the qualitative structure of the weld zone.
Keywords: explosive welding, bimetal, interface, the shock compressed gas, a thermostatic bimetallic.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-8-71-77
Saikov Ivan — Merzhanov Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science Russian Academy of Sciences (8, Academician Osipyan ul., Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia), PhD (Eng), senior researcher, specialist in the field of synthesis and processing of materials by explosion. E-mail: revan.84@mail.ru.
Malakhov Andrey — Merzhanov Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science Russian Academy of Sciences (8, Academician Osipyan ul., Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia), junior researcher, specialist in explosion welding. E-mail: sir.malahov2009@yandex.ru.
Saikova Gulnaz — Merzhanov Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science Russian Academy of Sciences (8, Academician Osipyan ul., Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia), PhD (Eng), senior researcher, specialist in the field of physical chemistry of fast processes. E-mail: gulnaz-84@mail.ru.
Denisov Igor’ — Merzhanov Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science Russian Academy of Sciences (8, Academician Osipyan ul., Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia), PhD (Eng), senior researcher, specialist in the field of explosion welding and materials science. E-mail: ingener.denisov@yandex.ru.
Gulyaev Pavel Yur’evich — Yugra State University (ul. Chekhova 16, Yugra, Khanty-Mansiisk, Khanty-Mansiisk autonomous okrug, 628012 Russia), Dr Sci (eng), professor. Specialist in the field of material synthesis and control of fast processes. E-mail: gulyaev1954@mail.ru.
Reference citing
Saikov I. V., Malakhov A. Yu., Saikova G. R., Denisov I. V., Gulyaev P. Yu. Vliyanie parametrov svarki vzryvom na strukturu okoloshovnoj zony v termobimetalle latun' – invar [Influence of explosive welding parameters to the structure of interface in brass-invar thermobimetal]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2019, no. 8, p. 71 – 77. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-8-71-77
Study of alumina powder spheroidization
by microwave plasmotron
S. A. Yeryomin, V. N. Anikin, D. V. Kuznetsov,
I. A. Leontyev, Yu. D. Stepanov,
V. Z. Dubinin, A. M. Kolesnikova, Yu. M. Yashnov
In the article, a study of the process of spheroidizing powder of aluminum oxide with a size of 30 – 100 microns, using a microwave plasma torch. The study of the spheroidization process was carried out at different microwave capacities from 1 to 5 kW, it was shown that the degree of spheroidization increases linearly from 25 to 97 %. It was found that the flow rate of transport gas also affects the degree of spheroidization and the structure of spheroidized aluminum oxide powder. With an increase in the flow rate of transport gas from 0.5 to 3 l/min, the degree of spheroidization is reduced, which should be associated with a decrease in the residence time of the particles of aluminum oxide powder in the plasma torch. The paper shows the evolution of the structure of aluminum oxide powder in the process of spheroidization in microwave plasma discharge. It was found that the gas dynamics of the plasma gas determines the path along which the particle moves in the plasma flow, which in turn determines the structure of the powder. After spheroidizing the powder of aluminum oxide becomes transparent when the structure of the sapphire, indicating that defect-free structure by processing in a microwave plasma discharge.
Keywords: spheroidization, microwave, plasma, additive technologies.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-8-78-83
Eremin Sergey — National University of Science and Technology MISIS (NUST, 119049, Russia, Moscow, Leninkii pr., 4), engineer, specialist in the field of nanotechnology and high-temperature materials. E-mail: serega21_93@mail.ru.
Anikin Vyacheslav — National University of Science and Technology MISIS (NUST, 119049, Russia, Moscow, Leninkii pr., 4), PhD (Eng), assistant professor of department Functional Nanosystems and High-Temperature Materials, specialist in the field of nanotechnology and high-temperature materials. E-mail: anikin47_47@mail.ru.
Kuznetsov Denis — National University of Science and Technology MISIS (NUST, 119049, Russia, Moscow, Leninkii pr., 4), PhD (Eng), head of department of Functional Nanosystems and High-Temperature Materials, specialist in the field of nanotechnology and high-temperature materials. E-mail: dk@misis.ru.
Leontiev Igor — Twinn Plasma Ltd. (117216, Russia, Moscow Feodosiyskaya street 1, building 30), PhD (Eng), general manager. E-mail: twinn_plasma@mail.ru.
Stepanov Yuri — Twinn plasma Ltd. (117216, Russia, Moscow Feodosiyskaya street 1, building 30), engineer, specialist in the field of microwave and arc equipment. E-mail:
twinn_plasma@mail.ru.
Dubinin Vladimir — Twinn plasma Ltd. (117216, Russia, Moscow Feodosiyskaya street 1, building 30), engineer. E-mail: twinn_plasma@mail.ru.
Kolesnikova Anastasia — Twinn plasma Ltd. (117216, Russia, Moscow Feodosiyskaya street 1, building 30), engineer, specialist in the field of nanotechnology and high-temperature materials. E-mail: twinn_plasma@mail.ru.
Yashnov Yuri — Twinn Plasma Ltd. (117216, Russia, Moscow Feodosiyskaya street 1, building 30), PhD (Phys-Math), engineer, specialist in the field of microwave technology. E-mail: Twinn_Plasma@Mail.Ru.
Reference citing
Yeryomin S. A., Anikin V. N., Kuznetsov D. V., Leontyev I. A., Stepanov Yu. D.,
Dubinin V. Z., Kolesnikova A. M., Yashnov Yu. M. Issledovanie processa sferoidizacii poroshka oksida alyuminiya na SVCH plazmotrone [Study of alumina powder spheroidization by microwave plasmotron]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2019, no. 8, p. 78 – 83. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-8-78-83
