Investigation of a high-temperature composite material
with Nb matrix mechanically doped with Si
B. V. Shchetanov, I. U. Efimochkin, D. V. Graschenkov,
S. V. Paegle, R. M. Dvoretskov
The influence of Si and unregulated interstitial impurities (oxygen and carbon) in trace amounts on the strength characteristics of a high-temperature composite material (HCM) based on Nb obtained by the powder metallurgy technique is studied. It has been established that the bending strength of specimens manufactured by mechanical homogenization and mechanical alloying exceeds the strength of a material obtained from an initial niobium powder in 3 – 4.5 times, with the main contribution to the increase in strength being made by mechanical homogenization of the initial niobium. Optimal HCM was selected the material with unregulated interstitial impurities (O и C) in its composition obtained by silicon doping 1% (wt.) the Nb powder in a planetary mill. It was put forward the assumption about the mechanisms of HCM hardening: when using homogenized Nb (without silicon) the hardening proceeds goes on by two mechanisms, such as to cold-work hardening of niobium powder (dislocation mechanism) and also uncontrolled (O and C) impurities that form ultrafine oxides and niobium carbides (dispersion hardening); when Si is introduced, an additional dispersion hardening with niobium silicides takes place. The authors do not exclude the effect of porosity on the strength of the material.
Keywords: High-temperature materials, powder metallurgy, high-temperature alloys, Nb – Si composite materials, mechanical alloying, homogenization, controlled and uncontrolled impurities, bending strength and room temperature (RT) hardness.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-2-5-13
Shchetanov Boris — All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials (FSUE VIAM SSC RF, 17, Radio Street, 105005, Moscow, Russian Federation), DrSci (Eng), professor, chief researcher, specialist in the field of vibers of high-melting compounds, high-temperature fibers and metal matrix composites on its base. E-mail: shetanov@mail.ru.
Graschenkov Denis — All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials (FSUE VIAM SSC RF, 17, Radio Street, 105005, Moscow, Russian Federation), PhD (Eng), deputy General director for Non-metallic materials, specialist in the field of nonmetallic materials, metal composite materials, thermal protecting, including polymeric, high-temperature, ceramic, carbon ceramic, glass-ceramic composite materials and anti-oxygenic protective coatings.
Efimochkin Ivan — All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials (FSUE VIAM SSC RF, 17, Radio Street, 105005, Moscow, Russian Federation), head of laboratory, specialist in the field of composite materials. E-mail: iefimochkin@mail.ru.
Paegle Sergey — All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials (FSUE VIAM SSC RF, 17, Radio Street, 105005, Moscow, Russian Federation), engineer, specialist in the field of fiber metal-matrix composite materials on the base of niobium. E-mail: ser.paegle@gmail.com.
Dvoretskov Roman — All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials (FSUE VIAM SSC RF, 17, Radio Street, 105005, Moscow, Russian Federation), senior engineer, specialist in the field of spectroscopic, chemical-analytical research and reference standards. E-mail: r.dvoretskov@gmail.com.
Reference citing
Shchetanov B. V., Efimochkin I. U., Graschenkov D. V., Paegle S. V., Dvoretskov R. M. Issledovanie vysokotemperaturnogo kompozicionnogo materiala na osnove Nb, mekhanicheski legirovannogo Si [Investigation of a high-temperature composite material with Nb matrix mechanically doped with Si]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2019, no. 2, pp. 5 – 13. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-2-5-13
Growth kinetics of a nano-sized germanium film deposited
on the surface Si (001) by magnetron sputtering
I. S. Monakhov, G. G. Bondarenko
Devices based on silicon structures with quantum dots are successfully used in optoelectronics. These devices are based on Ge island films on Si or SiO2. In this work, we investigated the methods for studying a nanoscale germanium film deposited by magnetron sputtering on a Si (001) surface. This investigation carried out using the developed experimental X-ray reflectometry technique, distinguished by joint recording of specularly reflected and diffusely scattered radiation. Using this technique, it is possible to carry out in situ both the analysis of the morphology of the growing film, and the control of its thickness with an accuracy of 1 nm. The dependences of the intensity of specular reflection, diffuse scattering, growth rate, mean-square roughness of the film and its density on the deposition time are obtained. According to the results of measurements of specularly reflected radiation, the film roughness increased with time according to a power law. However, with a film thickness of 4 nm, a clearly defined diffuse scattering maximum was observed, the angular position of which corresponded to the critical angle of total external reflection of germanium, 0.31°. This picture of the distribution of scattered radiation is explained by the manifestation of the Yoneda effect, which consists in the anomalous X-ray scattering, the maximum of which corresponds to the critical angle qC of total external reflection from the film. It was established experimentally that, at the initial stage of growth, a film is formed by the Volmer-Weber mechanism. Using the in-situ X-ray reflectometry method, it was found that the formation of a continuous layer of germanium film occurs at its thickness equal to 7 nm; the subsequent growth of the film is carried out according to the power law σf ~ tβ, where β = 0.23.
Keywords: germanium, quantum dots, magnetron sputtering, X-ray reflectometry, Yoneda effect.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-2-14-22
Monakhov Ivan — National Research University “Higher School of Economics” (Moscow 101000 Myasnitskaya Str., 20), leading engineer, specialist in the field of condensed matter physics, X-ray methods for studying the structure of materials. E-mail: ivmontt@rambler.ru.
Bondarenko Gennady — National Research University “Higher School of Economics” (Moscow 101000 Myasnitskaya Str., 20), DrSci (Phys-Math), professor, head of laboratory, specialist in condensed matter physics and radiation solid-state physics. E-mail: bondarenko_gg@rambler.ru.
Reference citing
Monakhov I. S., Bondarenko G. G. Kinetika rosta nanorazmernoj plenki germaniya, osazhdaemoj na poverhnosti Si (001) metodom magnetronnogo raspyleniya [Growth kinetics of a nano-sized germanium film deposited on the surface Si (001) by magnetron sputtering]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2019, no. 2, pp. 14 – 22. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-2-14-22
Synthesis of polyhydroquinone/graphene nanocomposite and study of its adsorption capacity for heavy metal ions
A. E. Burakov, A. V. Babkin, I. V. Burakova, A. V. Melezhik,
T. S. Kuznetsova, E. A. Neskoromnaya, D. A. Kurnosov,
E. S. Mkrtchyan, A. G. Tkachev
The present paper describes the novel adsorption material, polyhydroquinone/graphene nanocomposite, for removing a wide range of inorganic and organic contaminants. The proposed hybrid adsorbent can be developed by polymerization of p-benzoquinone in an aqueous solution in the presence of a graphene oxide dispersion. The techniques of scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, diffractometry and thermogravimetry were implemented to describe the physical and chemical properties, morphology, and structural characteristics of the material. The adsorption properties of the nanocomposite were studied by end-over-end equilibrating it with Cu2+, Zn2+ and Pb2+ aqueous solutions. The optimum solution pH, at which it the adsorption must be carried out, was preliminarily determined. Kinetic studies were performed under static conditions (batch tests). It was established that the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent for different ions varies according to the following sequence: Pb2+ (63.3 mg/g) > Cu2+ (41.1 mg/g) > Zn2+ (25.2 mg/g). The adsorption time dependence was found to be as follows: Pb2+ (60 min) = Cu2+ (60 min) > Zn2+ (15 min). To elucidate the adsorption mechanisms, experimental data were fitted to the following kinetic models: pseudo-first- and-second order, intraparticle diffusion, and Elovich. It can be assumed that the heavy metal adsorption using the material developed herein proceeds in a mixed-diffusion mode in combination with the chemical interaction stage.
Keywords: Graphene nanomaterials, quinone, adsorption, heavy metal ions, kinetics.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-2-23-35
Burakov Alexander — Tambov State Technical University (Tambov, 392000, Leningradskaya Str., 1), PhD, assistant professor, specialist in the field of adsorption technologies and carbon nanomaterials synthesis. E-mail: m-alex1983@yandex.ru.
Burakova Irina — Tambov State Technical University (Tambov, 392000, Leningradskaya Str., 1), PhD (Eng), assistant professor, specialist in the field of adsorption technologies and carbon nanomaterials synthesis. E-mail: iris_tamb68@mail.ru.
Kurnosov Dmitry — Tambov State Technical University (Tambov, 392000, Leningradskaya Str., 1), master student, specialist in adsorption technologies and carbon nanomaterials synthesis. E-mail: ozikimoziki@mail.ru.
Mkrtchyan Elina — Tambov State Technical University (Tambov, 392000, Leningradskaya Str., 1), master student, specialist in adsorption technologies and carbon nanomaterials synthesis. E-mail: elina.mkrtchyan@yandex.ru.
Melezhik Alexander — Tambov State Technical University (Tambov, 392000, Leningradskaya Str., 1), PhD, senior researcher. E-mail: nanocarbon@rambler.ru.
Neskoromnaya Elena — Tambov State Technical University (Tambov, 392000, Leningradskaya Str., 1), graduate student, specialist in the field of adsorption technologies and carbon nanomaterials synthesis. E-mail: lenok.n1992@mail.ru.
Babkin Alexander — Tambov State Technical University (Tambov, 392000, Leningradskaya Str., 1), graduate student, specialist in the field of adsorption technologies and carbon nanomaterials synthesis. E-mail: flex_trol@mail.ru.
Kuznetsova Tat`yana — Tambov State Technical University (Tambov, 392000, Leningradskaya Str., 1), graduate student, specialist in the field of adsorption technologies. E-mail: kuznetsova-t-s@yandex.ru.
Tkachev Aleksey — Tambov State Technical University (Tambov, 392000, Leningradskaya Str., 1), Dr Sci (Eng), professor, head of department Equipment and Technologies of Nanoproduct Manufacture. E-mail: nanotam@yandex.ru.
Reference citing
Burakov A. E., Babkin A. V., Burakova I. V., Melezhik A. V., Kuznetsova T. S., Neskoromnaya E. A., Kurnosov D. A., Mkrtchyan E. S., Tkachev A. G. Sintez nanokompozita poligidrohinon/grafen i issledovanie ego adsorbcionnoj sposobnosti po otnosheniyu k ionam tyazhelyh metallov [Synthesis of polyhydroquinone/graphene nanocomposite and study of its adsorption capacity for heavy metal ions]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2019, no. 2, pp. 23 – 35. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-2-23-35
High-efficient plasticizers-antipirenes for epoxy polymers
A. S. Mostovoy, A. S. Nurtazina, Yu. A. Kadykova, A. Z. Bekeshev
The possibility of using oligo(resorcinophenyl phosphate) with terminal phenyl groups (Fylolflex) and Trichloropropylphosphate as an effective plasticizer for epoxy polymers was investigated. The use of oligo(resorcinophenyl phosphate) with terminal phenyl groups and Trichloropropylphosphate is an effective way to generate epoxy compositions with improved physical and mechanical properties — in 2 times increased resistance of epoxy composite to bending loads and a in 2 – 3 times increased resistance to impact, as well as increased thermal and heat resistance. Increase in the yield of carbonized structures when introduction in a epoxy composition of oligo(resorcinophenyl phosphate) with terminal phenyl groups and Trichloropropylphosphate, reduces release of volatile thermolysis products in the gas phase, which reduces the flammability of the epoxy composite, which appears to reducing the loss of mass when ignited in air from 78 to 2,3 – 4,7 % and an increase in the oxygen index from 19 to 28 – 31 % volumetric, which translates the material into a class of hardly flammable.
Keywords: Epoxy resin, modification, plasticizer, reduction of flammability, physico-chemical and mechanical properties.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-2-36-43
Mostovoy Anton — Engels Technological Institute of Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov (413100, Engels, Saratov reg., Svobody pl., 17), PhD (Eng), head of laboratory Modern methods of research of functional materials and systems, associate professor of Natural and Mathematical Sciences department, specialist in the field of creation of epoxy composites with high operational properties and reduced flammability. Е-mail: Mostovoy19@rambler.ru.
Nurtazina Ainur — Engels Technological Institute of Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov (413100, Engels, Saratov reg., Svobody pl., 17), postgraduate of department Technology and equipment of chemical, oil and gas and food industries, specialized in the field of creation of epoxy composites with high operational properties. E-mail: lab.205@yandex.ru.
Kadykova Yulia — Engels Technological Institute of Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov (413100, Engels, Saratov reg., Svobody pl., 17), Dr Sci (Chem), head of department of Economics and humanities, specialist in the field of development of scientific foundations of directed regulation of structure and properties of polymers and composites. E-mail: lab.205@yandex.ru.
Bekeshev Amirbek — Aktubinsk Regional State University named after K. Zhubanov (K.Zhubanov ARSU, 030000, Aktobe, A.Moldagulova Prospect, 34), PhD (Phys-Math), head of Nanotechnologies laboratory, specializes in the field of epoxy composites with improved operational properties. E-mail: lab.205@yandex.ru.
Reference citing
Mostovoy A. S., Nurtazina A. S., Kadykova Yu. A., Bekeshev A. Z. Vysokoehffektivnye plastifikatory-antipireny dlya ehpoksidnyh polimerov [High-efficient plasticizers-antipirenes for epoxy polymers]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2019, no. 2, pp. 36 – 43. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-2-36-43
High-resistant to electric arc Cu – Cr composite alloys
L. E. Bodrova, S. Yu. Melchakov, A. B. Shubin,
E. Yu. Goyda, L. A. Marshuk
Cu-Cr alloys with a layered structure were obtained using liquid-phase impregnation of chromium powders by copper melt and previously were compacted with vibration before their crystallization. The formed composite layers were in various degrees enriched with chromium (from around 2 to 90 vol. %). It was shown that the composition and the structure of the layers depend on the thermo-temporal conditions of vibration, as well as on the grade of preliminary compacting of chromium powder. Phase composition of the alloys, elemental composition, and micro-hardness of the phases was studied. For the first time it was shown experimentally that in the initial stages of interaction between copper and chromium particles, the structural complexes “Cr core–(Cr + Cu) shell” with a gradient distribution of elements in the “shell” were formed. With further interaction, the entire chromium particles were impregnated with copper. These chromium formations look like strongly blurred and formless on backscattered electrons SEM-images. In this way, the precursors for the subsequent crystallization of chromium dendrites have formed. Crystallization of these dendrites takes place in the upper layers of the Cu – Cr melt if there is a necessary and sufficient amount of copper (or at high overheating of the liquid alloy). Morphology of dendrites that were not completely crystallized from the precursors is studied. The precursors filling the copper matrix during electric arc formation should significantly reduce the contact area of arc with a-Cu phase.Thus the formation of Cu-Cr precursors significantly decreases the weldability of the contacts in comparison with similar alloys consisted of a pure copper matrix (for example, Cu – W).
Keywords: copper, chromium, composite alloy, mechanical activation of melts, vibration, microstructure, dendrite precursor.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-2-44-52
Bodrova Lyudmila — Institute of Metallurgy of Ural Branch of RAS (Yekaterinburg, 620016, Amundsen st., 101), PhD (Chem), senior researcher, specialist in the field of development and research of the structure and properties of composite materials. E-mail: bоdrova-le@mail.ru.
Melchakov Stanislav — Institute of Metallurgy of Ural Branch of RAS (Yekaterinburg, 620016, Amundsen st., 101), PhD (Chem), researcher, specialist in the field of thermochemistry and physical chemistry of metal and salt melts, operator of scanning electron microscope. E-mail: s.yu.melchakov@gmail.com.
Shubin Alexey — Institute of Metallurgy of Ural Branch of RAS (Yekaterinburg, 620016, Amundsen st., 101), Dr Sci (Chem.), head of laboratory of Physical chemistry of metallurgical melts, specialist in the field of metallic and ionic melts physical chemistry. E-mail: shun@imet.mplik.ru.
Goyda Eduard — Institute of metallurgy of Ural Branch of RAS (Yekaterinburg, 620016, Amundsen st., 101), PhD (Chem), researcher, specialist in the field of development and research of the structure and properties of composite materials. E-mail: eddy-g0d@yandex.ru.
Marshuk Larisa — Institute of Metallurgy of Ural Branch of RAS (Yekaterinburg, 620016, Amundsen st., 101), researcher, specialist in the field of physical chemistry of high-temperature metallurgical processes. E-mail: ferro@ural.ru.
Reference citing
Bodrova L. E., Melchakov S. Yu., Shubin A. B., Goyda E. Yu., Marshuk L. A. Poluchenie kompozicionnyh splavov Cu – Cr so sloistoj strukturoj s vysokoj dugostojkost'yu [High-resistant to electric arc Cu – Cr composite alloys]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2019, no. 2, pp. 44 – 52. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-2-44-52
Mechanical properties of structural carbon-carbon layered material at high temperatures
G. E. Mostovoy, A. P. Karpov, I. V. Shishkov
The results of a layered carbon-carbon material tensile and compression tests in the 20 – 3000 °С range are presented in the article. The material was developed using chopped high-modulus VPR-19C fiber and coke obtained by bakelite lacquer LBS-1 repeatable thermomechanical treatment and subsequent pyropacking as a result of carbon saturation from the gas phase at 1000 °С. Production technology led to a transversal anisotropy of the material structure and, accordingly, the mechanical properties. During the compression tests in the direction parallel to the pressing axis at room temperature the material modulus of elasticity increases by a factor of 6 with an the sample height increase by a factor of 1.4, which is accompanied by a 2.4-fold decrease in the tensile strength. The material hardens with the increase of a test temperature: its tensile strength in the circumferential direction increases by a factor of 3 at a temperature of 3000 °С, and the elastic modulus in the range 1000 – 2000 °С increases by 1.2 times, but with a further increase in the test temperature, it begins to decrease and at a 3000 °С temperature it is 0.3 of its value at room temperature.
Keywords: carbon-carbon material, transversal anisotropy, hardening, coke, pitch, carbon pastes, pyrocarbon, stress-strain state.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-2-53-60
Mostovoy Gennady — The State Atomic Energy Corporation Rosatom, JSC Science and Innovation, Research Institute of Graphite Based Structural Materials NIIGRAFIT (111524, Moscow, ul. Elektrodnaya, 2), PhD, leading research fellow, expert in the field of carbon and composite materials based on carbon fiber fillers deformation mechanics. E-mail: mostovoy@yandex.ru.
Karpov Andrey — The State Atomic Energy Corporation Rosatom, JSC Science and Innovation, Research Institute of Graphite Based Structural Materials NIIGRAFIT (111524, Moscow, ul. Elektrodnaya, 2), lead engineer, expert in the field of carbon and composite materials based on carbon fiber fillers deformation mechanics. E-mail: andrew.karpow@gmail.com.
Shishkov Igor — The State Atomic Energy Corporation Rosatom, JSC Science and Innovation, Research Institute of Graphite Based Structural Materials NIIGRAFIT (111524, Moscow, ul. Elektrodnaya, 2), engineer, expert in the field of carbon and composite materials based on carbon fiber fillers deformation mechanics. E-mail: garshiv@gmail.com.
Reference citing
Mostovoy G. E., Karpov A. P., Shishkov I. V. Mekhanicheskie svojstva konstrukcionnogo sloistogo uglerod-uglerodnogo materiala pri vysokih temperaturah [Mechanical properties of structural carbon-carbon layered material at high temperatures]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2019, no. 2, pp. 53 – 60. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-2-53-60
Microstructural features of single crystal titanium subjected
long-term oxidation at 875 °C
S. V. Shevtsov, V. Yu. Zufman, I. A. Kovalev,
A. S. Chernyavskiy, K. A. Solntsev
Oxidation of titanium in the air in the temperature range of 750 – 950 °C is accompanied not only by an intensive growth of the oxide layer on the metal surface, but also by a significant gas saturation of its volume. Long-term exposure at high temperatures and high affinity to the components of the gas mixture (oxygen, nitrogen) leads to the formation of solid solution phases over the entire thickness of the titanium billet. The use of high-purity titanium avoids the influence of impurities on the changes occurring in the microstructure under the long-term effects of oxidizing atmosphere. The kinetic regularity of the mass gain of the sample from the time of the process obtained in the experiment is subject to the exponential-linear dependence. Comparison of the kinetic data with the changes in the microstructure of titanium indicates the nonlinearity of the growth process of the layers of solid solutions with exponential dependence of the weight increase of the sample mass. The transition to the linear dependence is accompanied by the appearance and growth in the volume of the metal of the intermediate layer with a reduced microhardness. The use of oxidative design approach to oxidation of monocrystalline titanium leads to significant changes in the composition and microstructure of the starting metal. The obtained knowledge makes it possible to carry out the synthesis of materials based on titanium, having a layered structure. Further research in this area is appropriate.
Keywords: single crystal titanium, solid solutions, high temperature oxidation, oxidative construction, micro-hardness.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-2-61-67
Shevtsov Sergey — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia, Moscow, 119334, Leninskii prosp., 49), PhD (Chem), researcher, specialist in the field of inorganic chemistry and materials science. E-mail: shevtsov_sv@mail.ru.
Kovalev Ivan — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia, Moscow, 119334, Leninskiy prosp., 49), PhD (Chem), junior researcher, specialist in the field of inorganic chemistry and materials science. E-mail:
vankovalskij@mail.ru.
Zufman Valeriy — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia, Moscow, 119334, Leninskiy prosp., 49), junior researcher, specialist in the field of inorganic chemistry and materials science. E-mail: vyuz@yandex.ru.
Chernyavskiy Andrey — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia, Moscow, 119334, Leninskiy prosp., 49), PhD (Eng), senior researcher, specialist in the field of inorganic chemistry and materials science. E-mail: andreych_01@mail.ru.
Solntsev Konstantin — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia, Moscow, 119334, Leninskiy prosp., 49), Doctor of Chemical Sciences, Professor, academician, head of the laboratory, director, a specialist in the field of inorganic chemistry and materials science. E-mail: imet@imet.ac.ru.
Reference citing
Shevtsov S. V., Zufman V. Yu., Kovalev I. A., Chernyavskiy A. S., Solntsev K. A. Osobennosti mikrostruktury monokristallicheskogo titana posle dlitel'nogo okisleniya pri temperature 875 °S [Microstructural features of single crystal titanium subjected long-term oxidation at 875 °C]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2019, no. 2, pp. 61 – 67. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-2-61-67
Synthesis of homogeneously doping with zinc charge
of lithium niobate and comparative study of LiNbO3:Zn crystals of different genesis
N. V. Sidorov, L. A. Bobreva, S. M. Masloboeva, N. A.Teplyakova,
M. N. Palatnikov, N. N. Novikova
The congruent charge LiNbO3:Zn (2.44 wt %) was synthesized using precursor Nb2O5:Zn (2.83 wt %) by the method of homogeneous doping. The LiNbO3:Zn crystal (2.12 wt %) was grown from this charge by the Czochralski method. The crystal demonstrates high chemical uniformity of Zn dopant distribution along the growth axis. The same distribution is characteristic of crystals doped by usual direct doping. The homogeneously doped LiNbO3:Zn crystal (2.12 wt %), close to this composition the LiNbO3: Zn (2.02), LiNbO3: Zn (2.05) and LiNbO3: Zn (2.12 wt %) crystals, obtained by method of direct doping, and LiNbO3cong were compared to study defectiveness, optical and structural homogeneity. The method of IR absorption spectroscopy, photoinduced light scattering, and laser conoscopy were used for the study. All studied crystals show no photorefractive response, as can be seen from photoinduced light scattering. At this conoscopic patterns of a crystal LiNbO3: Zn (2.12 wt %, homogeneous doping) are strained, which can be connected with a greater photoinduced ability to scatter light than in other crystals. The ability is caused by micro-structures, clusters and residual domain structures. However IR spectra demonstrate narrowing of bands which can be explained by the fact that homogeneous doping of a Nb2O5 precursor by zinc contributes to the ordering of the lithium sublattice of a LiNbO3:Zn crystal and ordering of H+ protons comparing to the ordering in a LiNbO3cong crystal. This effect is highly unusual in this concentration of the dopant.
Keywords: homogeneous and direct doping, lithium niobate crystal, optical and structural uniformity, complex defects.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-2-68-78
Sidorov Nikolai — Tananaev Institute of Chemistry, Subdivision of Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Science Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences (Murmansk Region, Apatity, Fersman St. 26a, Akademgorodok), Dr Sci (Phys-Math), head of vibrational spectroscopy sector, specialist in the field of vibrational spectroscopy, physical material science of crystals. E-mail: sidorov@chemy.kolasc.net.ru.
Bobreva Lyubov — Tananaev Institute of Chemistry, Subdivision of Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Science Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences (Murmansk Region, Apatity, Fersman St. 26a, Akademgorodok), post-graduate student. E-mail: bobreva@chemy.kolasc.net.ru.
Masloboeva Sofya — Tananaev Institute of Chemistry, Subdivision of Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Science Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences (Murmansk Region, Apatity, Fersman St. 26a, Akademgorodok), PhD, senior researcher, specialist in extraction; Apatity branch of the Murmansk Arctic State University (Murmansk Region, Apatity, Lesnaya St. 29), leading researcher. E-mail: sofia_masloboeva@mail.ru.
Teplyakova Natalya — Tananaev Institute of Chemistry, Subdivision of Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Science Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences (Murmansk Region, Apatity, Fersman St. 26a, Akademgorodok), PhD, senior researcher, specialist in the field of Raman spectroscopy of dielectric ceramic materials, laser conoscopy of dielectric crystals, physical material science of crystals. E-mail: tepl_na@chemy.kolasc.net.ru.
Palatnikov Mikhail — Tananaev Institute of Chemistry, Subdivision of Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Science Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences (Murmansk Region, Apatity, Fersman St. 26a, Akademgorodok), Dr Sci (Eng), head of laboratory, specialist in the field of materials science, optical and piezo-optical materials, physical material science of crystals. E-mail: palat_mn@chemy.kolasc.net.ru.
Novikova Nadezhda — Institute of Spectroscopy RAS (Moscow, Troitsk Physical str., 5), PhD, leading researcher, specialist in the field of vibrational spectroscopy. E-mail: novikovann60@mail.ru.
Reference citing
Sidorov N. V., Bobreva L. A., Masloboeva S. M., Teplyakova N. A., Palatnikov M. N., Novikova N. N. Sintez gomogenno legirovannoj cinkom shihty niobata litiya i sravnitel'nye issledovaniya kristallov LiNbO3:Zn razlichnogo genezisa [Synthesis of homogeneously doping with zinc charge of lithium niobate and comparative study of LiNbO3:Zn crystals of different genesis]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2019, no. 2, pp. 68 – 78. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-2-68-78
