Plasmachemical surface modification
to regulate biocompatibility of polymeric materials. Methods and setups
A. B. Gilman, T. S. Demina, P. S. Timashev
The review is focused on current state of problem of surface modification of polymers targeted for application in medicine and biology. The problem deals with possibility to obtain and to regulate properties of biocompatible materials used for fabrication of blood vessels, surgical sutures, implants, biocompatible medical systems, etc. Important aspects of the biocompatibility deal with hemocompatibility, surface inertness (hydrophobicity and a lack of specific function groups for cell adhesion and growth) as well as low mechanical properties (hardness and tribology). These drawbacks could be overcome by polymeric materials surface modification using methods of high energy, such as low-temperature plasma treatment (high-, microwave- and low-frequency discharge, dielectric barrier discharge), e-beam, ion and laser irradiation. These methods of polymeric materials surface modification are high-technology and environmentally friendly. This work covers the abovementioned methods; gives descriptions and schemes of laboratory and industrial setups as well as various polymeric materials properties, such as biocompatibility and others, which could be varied using these treatment methods.
Keywords: polymeric materials, low-temperature plasma modification, setups and methods, biocompatibility.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-1-5-19
Gilman Alla — Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymer Materials RAS (Moscow, 117393, 70 Profsoyuznaya str.), PhD, senior researcher, specialist in plasmochemical processes including modification of various materials surfaces. E-mail: gilmanab@gmail.com, plasma@ispm.ru.
Demina Tatiana — Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymer Materials RAS (Moscow, 117393, 70 Profsoyuznaya str.); Institute for Regenerative Medicine of Sechenov University (Moscow, 119991, 8 Trubetskaya str.), PhD, senior researcher of ISPM, leading researcher of IRM of Sechenov University, specialist in fabrication and modification of biomedical materials. E-mail: detans@gmail.com.
Timashev Peter — Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University (Moscow, 119991, 8 Trubetskaya str.); Institute of Photonic Technologies, Research center “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS (Troitsk-Moscow, 142190, 2 Pionerskaya str.); N.N. Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics (Moscow, 119991, 4 Kosygina str.), DhP, director of IRM, leading researcher of IPLIT, senior researcher of IChP, specialist in fabrication and modification of biomedical materials. E-mail: timashev.peter@gmail.com.
Reference citing
Gilman A. B., Demina T. S., Timashev P. S. Plazmohimicheskoe modificirovanie poverhnosti dlya regulirovaniya biosovmestimosti polimernyh materialov. Metodiki i ustanovki [Plasmachemical surface modification to regulate biocompatibility of polymeric materials. Methods and setups]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2019, no. 1, pp. 5 – 19. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-1-5-19
Use of carbonic and ultrahigh-molecular weight
polyethylene fiber’s constants for calculation
of unidirectional composites density
V. I. Mamonov, I. K. Krylov
Method, permitting to calculate a density and matrix volume fraction of two-component and hybrid composites, reinforced with unidirectional rovings of carbon fibers (CF) and ultrahigh-molecular weight polyethylene (UHMP) fibers is presented. Experimentally found constants of the rovings were used in calculation. The values of calculated density and matrix volume fraction were compared with an actual data of samples. The samples were obtained by resin impregnation of the rovings at free air. The impregnation realized simultaneously with a laying of the rovings. This procedure doesn’t permit to save the prespecified sample volume without volume control. Effect of volume deviations on sample actual density and actual matrix volume fraction were investigated on the samples with uncontrolled and controlled volume. Roving volume fractions and concentrations of hybrid and two-component composites were specified as the basic data of calculations. Samples’ actual densities, as well as value of matrix volume fractions, were compared with the calculated ones. The experimental data are in good agreement with the calculated ones.
Keywords: unidirectional composites; rovings of carbonic fibers (CF) and ultrahigh-molecular weight polyethylene (UHMP) fibers; actual and calculated density; actual and calculated matrix volume fraction; reinforcement factor; hybrid composite; technological corrections, rovings’ constants.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-1-20-30
Mamonov Vladimir — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science (Moscow, 119334, Leninsky prospect 49), senior staff scientist, expert in fiber composites experimental investigation. E-mail: Voletic@mail.ru.
Krylov Igor — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science (Moscow, 119334, Leninsky prospect 49), senior staff scientist, expert in fiber composites experimental investigation. E-mail: igorgra97@gmail.com.
Reference citing
Mamonov V. I., Krylov I. K. Ispol'zovanie konstant rovingov iz uglerodnyh volokon i sverhvysokomolekulyarnogo poliehtilena dlya raschyota plotnosti odnonapravlennyh kompozitov [Use of carbonic and ultrahigh-molecular weight polyethylene fiber’s constants for calculation of unidirectional composites density]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2019, no. 1, pp. 20 – 30. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-1-20-30
Magntic field production abilities of thermoelectric materials based on layered crystals of the family
[(Ge, Sn, Pb) Te]m [(Bi, Sb)2 (Te, Se)3]n (m, n = 0, 1, 2 ...) with non-isovalent cationic substitution
M. A. Korzhuev, E. S. Avilov, M. A. Kretova
Investigated the dimensionless thermoelectric figure of merit and magnetic field production ability of “natural” nanostructures — layered ternary alloys (TA) of the family [(Ge, Sn, Pb)(Te, Se)]m [(Bi,Sb)2(Te,Se)3]n, with non-isovalent cationic substitution (Ge, Sn, Pb ↔ Bi, Sb). In the transition from binary alloys (BA) to TA, we observed the formation of the phase “phonon glass-electronic crystal” (PGEC) and it subsequent degeneracy, accompanied by sharp increase in the carrier densities in the samples. As a result, the size ZT of samples went down, and the size X essentially increased, that speaks in work as formation of a degenerated PGEC phase under non- isovalent cationic substitution in the samples. Comparison with known thermoelectric materials (ТEMs) (metals, semimetals and semiconductors), used for production of magnetic fields H in contours of short-circuited ТC, has shown that the investigated TA forms a new class magnetic field production TEMs with the raised values of parametres X and Y.
Key words: own magnetic fields of thermocouples; magnetic field production ability of thermoelectric materials (TEMs); layered crystals; ternary alloys; non- isovalent cation substitution; phase “phonon glass – electronic crystal” (PGEC).
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-1-31-45
Korzhuev Michael — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS (119334 Russia, Moscow, Leninskiy pr., 49), PhD (Phys-Math), leading scientific researcher, expert in physics of crystals. E-mail: korzhuev@imet.ac.ru.
Avilov Evgeniy — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS (119334 Russia, Moscow, Leninskiy pr., 49), PhD (Eng), leading scientific researcher, specialist in research and development of thermoelectric materials. E-mail: avilov@imet.ac.ru.
Kretova Marina — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS (119334 Russia, Moscow, Leninskiy pr., 49), scientific researcher, specialist in research and development of thermoelectric materials. E-mail: kretova@imet.ac.ru.
Reference citing
Korzhuev M. A., Avilov E. S., Kretova M. A. Magnitotvornye termoehlektricheskie materialy na osnove sloistyh kristallov semejstva [(Ge, Sn, Pb)Te]m [(Bi, Sb)2(Te, Se)3]n (m, n = 0, 1, 2 …) s neizovalentnym kationnym zameshcheniem [Magntic field production abilities of thermoelectric materials based on layered crystals of the family [(Ge, Sn, Pb) Te]m [(Bi, Sb)2 (Te, Se)3]n (m, n = 0, 1, 2 ...) with non-isovalent cationic substitution]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2019, no. 1, pp. 31 – 45. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-1-31-45
Thermoelectric and elastic properties of carbon nanotubes
after irradiation with high-energy electrons
G. Yu. Mihaylova, M. M. Nischenko , V. N. Pimenov,
E. E. Starostin, V. I. Tovtin
Experimental studies of the electrical conductivity, thermo-emf and elastic coefficient of multilayer carbon nanotubes (MCNT) under the influence of radiation exposure, at room temperature were carried out. The original CNT of 18 ± 7 nm in size were obtained by the method of chemical vapor deposition (CVD — chemical vapor deposition), the precursor propane-butane. The original CNT were irradiated at energy the 21 MeV microtron-electron cyclic electron accelerator with electron doses of 0,3·1017, 0,7·1017, 1,1·1017, 1,5·1017 cm–2. The measurements of the properties were carried out on the initial and irradiated samples in a dielectric cylinder. The values of the critical parameters of the change of the dielectric-metal transition in the CNT with the dense array (ρ1), the completion of the elastic deformation of the CNT (ρrel), the maximum value of electrical conductivity (σmax), the elastic deformation coefficient (ε) are obtained. The irradiation of CNT samples leads to a decrease in thermo-emf (Seebeck coefficient (α)) by 50 % or more compared to unirradiated ones, which is associated with the formation of radiation defects.
Keywords: irradiation, carbon nanotubes, electrical conductivity, thermo-emf, defects.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-1-46-53
Mykhailova Halina — G.V.Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics of the N.A.S. of Ukraine (Ukraine, 03142, Kyiv, ac. Vernadskiy bv. 36), PhD (Phys-Math), researcher, expert in the field of electrical conductivity. E-mail: mihajlova.halina@gmail.com.
Nischenko Mikhail — G.V.Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics of the N.A.S. of Ukraine (Ukraine, 03142, Kyiv, ac. Vernadskiy bv. 36), Dr Sci (Phys-Math), senior researcher, head of department, expert in the field of electronic structure and electronic properties. Died in 2018.
Pimenov Valeriy — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS (Russia, Moscow, 119334, Leninsky pr., 49), Dr Sci (Phys-Math), head of laboratory, authority in the field of cosmic and radiation material science. E-mail: pimval@mail.ru.
Starostin Evgeniy — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS (Russia, Moscow, 119334, Leninsky pr., 49), senior researcher, specialist in the field of radiation material science.
Tovtin Vasily — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS (Russia, Moscow, 119334, Leninsky pr., 49), PhD, senior researcher, authority in the field of radiation material science. E-mail: tovtinv@list.ru.
Reference citing
Mihaylova G. Yu., Nischenko M. M., Pimenov V. N., Starostin E. E., Tovtin V. I. Termoehlektricheskie i uprugie svojstva uglerodnyh nanotrubok posle oblucheniya ih ehlektronami vysokih ehnergij [Thermoelectric and elastic properties of carbon nanotubes after irradiation with high-energy electrons]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2019, no. 1, pp. 46 – 53. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-1-46-53
Ceramic porous materials with catalytic properties
M. S. Kanapinov, G. M. Kashkarov, T. V. Novoselova,
A. A. Sitnikov, N. P. Tubalov
Undoubted leadership among catalytic materials for the purification of exhaust gases is occupied by composite cermets. Creating of catalytic materials for gas purification indicates that the main problem is partial or complete replacing of rare-earth metals (REM) in their composition. In this regard, the creation of new permeable catalytic materials with partial or complete replacement of REM metals is relevant. Selection of composition and manufacturing technology is of great importance for the production of porous materials. The basis of charge for the production of porous materials are industrial waste such as metal oxides, metal powders and polymetal ores bastnesite containing rare earth cerium. Charge composition for the production of porous permeable metal-ceramic materials based on metal oxides with the addition of grinding bastnesite was proposed. The influence of bastnesite on physico-mechanical and functional properties of materials obtained by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis was studied. It is shown that the filters-neutrolizers from materials with additives of bastnesite have catalytic properties and can be successfully used in the purification of exhaust gases of internal combustion engines.
Key words: porous metal-ceramic materials, SHS-processes, porosity, permeability coefficient, bastnesite ore, cerium, thorium, catalytic material, exhaust gases of internal combustion engines.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-1-54-64
Kanapinov Medet — Polzunov Altai State Technical University (Russia, 656038, Barnaul, Lenin Ave., 46), graduate student, specialist in the field of materials science. E-mail: mega_bum_90@mail.ru.
Kashkarov Gennady — Polzunov Altai State Technical University (Russia, 656038, Barnaul, Lenin Ave., 46), PhD (Eng), associated professor, specialist in the field of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis. E-mail: kashkarovGM@mail.ru.
Novoselova Tatyana — Polytechnic Institute, branch of the Don State Technical University (Russia, 347904, Taganrog, ul. Petrovskaya, 109-a), senior lecturer, specialist in the field of materials science. E-mail: tanovos@mail.ru.
Sitnikov Alexander — Polzunov Altai State Technical University (Russia, 656038, Barnaul, Lenin Ave., 46), Dr Sci (Eng), professor, specialist in the field of material science. E-mail: sitalan@mail.ru.
Tubalov Nikolai — Polzunov Altai State Technical University (Russia, 656038, Barnaul, Lenin Ave., 46), Dr Sci (Eng), professor, specialist in the areas of material science and self-propagating high-temperature synthesis. E-mail: manemale@mail.ru.
Reference citing
Kanapinov M. S., Kashkarov G. M., Novoselova T. V., Sitnikov A. A., Tubalov N. P. Metallokeramicheskie poristye pronicaemye materialy s kataliticheskimi svojstvami [Ceramic porous materials with catalytic properties]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2019, no. 1, pp. 54 – 64. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-1-54-64
Microstructure of ceramics obtained in the process
of high-temperature oxidation of titanium foil within
the framework of the approach of oxidative construction
V. Yu. Zufman, I. A. Kovalev, A. I. Ogarkov, S. V. Shevtsov,
A. V. Shokodko, G. P. Kochanov, T. N. Penkina, A. A. Fomina, A. S. Chernyavskii, K. A. Solntsev
The kinetic regularities of the high-temperature oxidation of titanium foil are established, and the microstructure of the formed rutile is characterized. The kinetics of the oxidation of titanium foil is described by an exponential law. The influence of volume of the sample on the speed of the process under consideration is shown. Formed dense rutile ceramics are characterized by a layered structure; with the increase in the duration of the process the sublayers are combined. On the free surface of rutile/air microcrystals are detected, the aggregation of which through collective recrystallization occurs with an increase in the duration of the process; with prolonged heat treatment their destructure is observed. On the free surface of rutile/titanium and the free surface of the central part of the sample microcrystals with an imperfect structure are formed during long times of heat treatment, the direction of growth of which is disoriented.
Keywords: titanium, oxidative constructing, rutile, ceramics, kinetics, microstructure
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-1-65-72
Zufman Valerii — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS (49 Leninskii pr., Moscow 119334), junior researcher, expert in the field of materials science and inorganic chemistry. E-mail: vyuz@yandex.ru.
Kovalev Ivan — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS (49 Leninskii pr., Moscow 119334), PhD, research assistant, expert in the field of materials science and inorganic chemistry. E-mail: vankovalskij@mail.ru.
Ogarkov Aleksandr — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS (49 Leninskii pr., Moscow 119334), junior researcher, expert in the field of materials science and inorganic chemistry. E-mail: ogarkov_al@rambler.ru.
Shevtsov Sergey — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS (49 Leninskii pr., Moscow 119334), PhD, research assistant, expert in the field of materials science and inorganic chemistry. E-mail: shevtsov_sv@mail.ru.
Shokod’ko Aleksandr — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS
(49 Leninskii pr., Moscow 119334), PhD, research assistant, expert in the field of materials science and inorganic chemistry. E-mail: shokodjko@rambler.ru.
Kochanov German — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS (49 Leninskii pr., Moscow 119334), head of ceramic processing section, expert in the field of materials science. E-mail: guerman-v@yandex.ru.
Penkina Tat’yana — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS
(49 Leninskii pr., Moscow 119334), senior research, leader of the group of classical methods of analysis, specialist in the field of analysis of natural and industrial objects. E-mail: t-penka-01@yandex.ru.
Fomina Alla — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS (49 Leninskii pr., Moscow 119334), research assistant, head of the sample preparation group, specialist in the field of quantitative elemental analysis of natural and industrial objects. E-mail: fomina2402@mail.ru.
Chernyavskii Andrey — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS
(49 Leninskii pr., Moscow 119334), PhD, senior research, expert in the field of materials science and inorganic chemistry. E-mail: andreych_01@mail.ru.
Solntsev Konstantin — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS (49 Leninskii pr., Moscow 119334), Dr Sci (Chem), professor, academician of RAS, scientific director of the Institute, head of the laboratory, chief researcher, expert in the field of materials science and inorganic chemistry. E-mail: solntsev@pran.ru.
Reference citing
Zufman V. Yu., Kovalev I. A., Ogarkov A. I., Shevtsov S. V., Shokodko A. V., Kochanov G. P., Penkina T. N., Fomina A. A., Chernyavskii A. S., Solntsev K. A. Mikrostruktura keramiki, poluchennoj v processe vysokotemperaturnogo okisleniya titanovoj fol'gi v ramkah podhoda okislitel'nogo konstruirovaniya [Microstructure of ceramics obtained in the process of high-temperature oxidation of titanium foil within the framework of the approach of oxidative construction]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2019, no. 1, pp. 65 – 72. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-1-65-72
Effect of aluminum nitride nanoparticles on structure, phase composition and properties of materials based
on TiB/Ti obtained by SHS-extrusion method
A. V. Bolotskaya, M. V. Mikheev, P. M. Bazhin,
A. M. Stolin, Yu. V. Titova
By the method of SHS-extrusion, compact ceramic long-length samples were obtained from a material based on titanium monoboride modified with small additions of aluminum nitride (3 and 5 wt.%), obtained by azide technology of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS-As). It is shown that small additions of a nano-sized aluminum nitride powder have a significant effect on the phase composition, structure, and physico-mechanical properties of compact samples obtained by the SHS-extrusion method. The results of scanning electron microscopy showed a significant refinement of grains of the main phase of titanium monoboride in modified samples. The largest grinding of grain of titanium monoboride is observed with an increase in the proportion of nanodimensional AlN powder to 5 mass. %. Measurements of combustion characteristics (temperature and combustion velocity) in a facility simulating the actual conditions for the flow of SHS-extrusion are carried out. It is established that in the combustion process, when the content of the initial component contains 3 wt. % AlN, it interacts with the titanium matrix to form the MAX phases of Ti2AlN and Ti4AlN3. With a content of 5 % by weight of AlN, its decomposition proceeds during combustion with the formation of titanium nitrides and pure aluminum, with the following phases forming in the material: TiB, TiB2, Ti2AlN. It is shown that the modified compact ceramic materials obtained have higher microhardness indices than those obtained without the use of nanomodifying additives AlN.
Keywords: self-propagating high-temperature synthesis, composite material, SHS-extrusion, SHS-As, nanopowder, modification.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-1-73-80
Bolotskaya Anastasia — Merzhanov Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science RAS (Chernogolovka, 142432, Academician Osipiyan ul., 8), graduate student, junior researcher, specialist in SHS processes. Email: moon@ism.ac.ru.
Mikheev Maksim — Merzhanov Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science RAS (Chernogolovka, 142432, Academician Osipiyan ul., 8), PhD applicant, junior researcher, specialist in SHS processes. E-mail: mixeev777@rambler.ru.
Bazhin Pavel — Merzhanov Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science RAS (Chernogolovka, 142432, Academician Osipiyan ul., 8), PhD (Eng), senior researcher, specialist in SHS-processes. E-mail: olimp@ism.ac.ru.
Stolin Alexander — Merzhanov Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science RAS (Chernogolovka, 142432, Academician Osipiyan ul., 8), Dr Sci (Phys-Math), professor, head of laboratory, specialist in SHS processes. Email: amstolin@ism.ac.ru.
Titova Yulia — Samara State Technical University (Samara, 443100, Molodogvardeyskaya str., 244), PhD (Eng), associate professor of the department “MPMN”, specialist in the field of SHS-processes. Email: Titova600@mail.ru.
Reference citing
Bolotskaya A. V., Mikheev M. V., Bazhin P. M., Stolin A. M., Titova Yu. V. Vliyanie nanochastic nitrida alyuminiya na strukturu, fazovyj sostav i svojstva materialov na osnove TiB/Ti, poluchennyh metodom SVS-ehkstruzii [Effect of aluminum nitride nanoparticles on structure, phase composition and properties of materials based on TiB/Ti obtained by SHS-extrusion method]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2019, no. 1, pp. 73 – 80. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2019-1-73-80
