PERSPEKTIVNYE MATERIALY
2021, no.12
Poisson ratio of TiNi
S. A. Muslov, A. I. Lotkov, V. N. Timkin
A review of the literature data and methods for calculating the Poisson coefficient of the TiNi intermetallic compound in the poly- and single-crystal state is performed. The results of our own research are also presented. Significant variability of the presented data is noted, due to differences in the thermomechanical processing of the alloys and the measurement and calculation methods used. By averaging the matrices of elastic constants and compliance coefficients using the Voigt, Reuss, and Hill approximations, we obtained the values of the parameters of the effective elastic properties of TiNi polycrystals and calculated the Poisson’s ratio. Using analytical expressions to calculate the values of the extreme values, the extrema of the Poisson’s ratio of cubic TiNi crystals are determined for standard orientations. Based on a number of data, TiNi crystals are auxetics (materials having negative Poisson’s ratio values), on the basis of others they are not. We found that TiNi crystals belong to the so-called partial auxetics, in this case the signs of the inequalities (s12 < 0, s = s11+ s12 − s44/2 > 0 or s12> 0, s = s11 + s12 − s44/2 < 0) are opposite. The values of the Poisson’s ratio TiNi averaged over the transverse directions of deformation are analyzed. Isosurfaces of the Poisson’s ratio and their sections are presented using the ELATE computational graphic package and the MATHCAD computer algebra program. Aspects of TiNi elastic anisotropy, its parameters, and their relationship with martensitic transformations in TiNi and alloys based on it are discussed.
Keywords: Poisson’s ratio, TiNi, elastic anisotropy.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-12-5-20
Muslov Sergey — Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of the Higher Education “A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the RF (MSMSU, 20, str. 1, Delegatskaya, Moscow, 127473, Russia), professor, specialist in the field of condensed matter physics. E-mail: muslov@mail.ru.
Lotkov Aleksander — Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPMS SB RAS, 2/4, pr. Akademicheskii, Tomsk, 634055, Russia), professor, specialist in the field of condensed matter physics. E-mail:
lotkov@ispms.ru.
Timkin Victor — Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPMS SB RAS, 2/4, pr. Akademicheskii, Tomsk, 634055, Russia), senior researcher, PhD (Eng), specialist in the field of physical materials science. E-mail: timk@ispms.tsc.ru.
Reference citing:
Muslov S.A., Lotkov A.I., Timkin V.N. Koefficient Puassona TiNi [Poisson ratio of TiNi]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2021, no. 12, pp. 5 – 20. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-12-5-20
The features of the reversion phenomenon
after ageing in magnesium-yttrium alloy,
added with samarium
L. L. Rokhlin, T. V. Dobatkina, I. E. Tarytina,
E. A. Lukyanova, D. R. Temralieva
It was investigated the reversion phenomenon consisting of softening after a strengthening ageing at 200 °C during from 0.5 to 128 h in a case of shortcoming annealing from 0.25 to 64 h at some higher temperature — 250 °C in the magnesium-base alloys containing the rare-earth metal — yttrium (Y), alloyed additionally by the other rare-earth metal — samarium (Sm). Both alloying elements are the rare-earth metals (REM), but belong to different groups: Y belongs to the yttrium group of REM and Sm belongs to the cerium one. It was established, that in the binary alloy of magnesium with yttrium and in the ternary alloys with the identical yttrium and diverse contents of samarium aged after the same duration for the same time the representative softening of reversion takes place indeed. As compared with the binary Mg – Y alloy and with increase of the samarium contents in the ternary Mg – Y – Sm alloys the size of the reversion increases. However, in the same case the size of the strengthening effect after ageing in the alloys increases also and it is more, than the respective reversion size.
Keywords: magnesium alloys, hare-earth metals, solid solution decomposition, reversion after ageing.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-12-21-29
Rokhlin Lazar — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS (Moscow 119334, Leninsky Prospect, 49), Dr Sci (Eng), general researcher, specialist of materials science. E-mail: rokhlin@imet.ac.ru.
Dobatkina Tatyana — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS (Moscow 119334, Leninsky Prospect, 49), PhD (Eng), leading researcher, specialist of materials science. E-mail: dobat@imet.ac.ru.
Tarytina Irina — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS (Moscow 119334, Leninsky Prospect, 49), scientific researcher, specialist of materials science. E-mail: tarytina@yandex.ru.
Lukyanova Elena — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS (Moscow 119334, Leninsky Prospect, 49), PhD (Eng), senior researcher, specialist of materials science. E-mail: helenelukyanova@gmail.com.
Temralieva Diana Rivovna —National Scientific Research Technology University “MISiS” (Moscow, 119049, Leninsky Prospect, 4), post-graduate student, specialist of materials science. E-mail: diana-64@mail.ru.
Reference citing:
Rokhlin L.L., Dobatkina T.V., Tarytina I.E., Lukyanova E.A., Temralieva D.R. Osobennosti vozvrata posle stareniya v splave magniya s ittriem pri legirovanii ego samariem [The features of the reversion phenomenon after ageing in magnesium-yttrium alloy, added with samarium]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2021, no. 12, pp. 21 – 29. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-12-21-29
Influence of artificial ageing on the crack
resistance of sheets from high-strength
aluminium-lithium alloy V-1469
Yu. Yu. Klochkova, E. A. Lukina, V. A. Romanenko
The effect of artificial aging modes on the structure, mechanical properties and crack resistance of sheets made from high-strength aluminum-lithium alloy V-1469 was studied. Kinetic curves of mechanical properties changes during artificial aging at various temperatures and long exposures were plotted. To establish the possibility of crack resistance increase the one-stage and multi-stage modes of artificial aging were selected for the study. As a result it was selected a mode that makes it possible to increase the crack resistance with a small decrease in strength, high corrosion resistance and fatigue life. Comparison of the structural-phase state and the complex of sheets properties processed by the selected mode with sheets processed by the mode providing maximum strength is made. The crack resistance, determined on large (750 mm wide) specimens from V-1469T1 alloy sheets processed according to the selected mode of aging, are at the level of sheets made from 1163AT type alloy. In opposite to high-strength aluminum alloy, when strength and crack resistance achieved by over-aging, the same properties in aluminum-lithium alloy V-1469 can be achieved by aging with short exposures.
Keywords: wrought aluminum alloy, V-1469, Al-Cu-Li, sheets, fuselage skin, alloying, silver, scandium, zirconium, heat treatment, artificial ageing, underaging, structure, mechanical properties, strength, crack resistance, fracture toughness.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-12-30-39
Klochkova Yulia — NRC “Kurchatov institute” — VIAM (Moscow, 105005, Radio st., 17), PhD (Eng), senior researcher, specialist in the field of materials science of wrought aluminum alloys. E-mail: yulia.y.poyarkova@gmail.com.
Lukina Eva — NRC “Kurchatov institute” — VIAM (Moscow, 105005, Radio st., 17),
PhD (Eng), head of the laboratory for metallo-physical research, specialist in the field of materials science of wrought aluminum alloys. E-mail: lukinaea@viam.ru.
Romanenko Valeria — NRC “Kurchatov institute” — VIAM (Moscow, 105005, Radio st., 17), engineer, specialist in the field of materials science of wrought aluminum alloys. Email: lera.galaktionova@gmail.com.
Reference citing:
Klochkova Yu.Yu., Lukina E.A., Romanenko V.A. Vliyanie iskusstvennogo stareniya na treshchinostojkost' listov vysokoprochnogo alyuminij-litievogo splava B-1469 [Influence of artificial ageing on the crack resistance of sheets from high-strength aluminium-lithium alloy V-1469]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2021, no. 12, pp. 30 – 39. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-12-30-39
Synthesis and characterization
of upconversion nanophosphors
NaYF4:Yb3+:Er3+/NaYF4
E. M. Trifanova, M. E. Nikolaeva, V. K. Popov
We carried out the solvothermal synthesis of UCNPs with the core/shell structure NaYF4:Yb3+:Er3+/NaYF4and analyzed their photoluminescent properties depending on the nanoparticle size and preparative synthesis conditions. It has been shown that intensity and lifetime of the photoluminescence of the upconversion nanophosphors depend on the intensity of laser excitation, size of the nanoparticles and presence of an inert shell. Upon the formation of an inert shell on the surface of NaYF4:Yb3+:Er3+nanoparticles the conversion efficiency of visible and NIR radiation in different spectral regions can increase by more than an order of magnitude due to shielding of luminescent centers from nonradiative losses at surface defects.
Keywords: nanoscale up-converting phosphors, photoluminescence, radiation conversion coefficient, optical luminescence imaging.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-12-40-50
Trifanova Ekaterina — Institute of Photon Technologies of Federal Scientific Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics” of Russian Academy of Sciences (2 Pionerskaya street, Troitsk, Moscow, Russia, 108840), junior researcher, specialist in the field of quantum physics and spectroscopy. E-mail: katikin@mail.ru.
Nikolaeva Mariia — Syntol Ltd. (127434, Moscow, st. Timiryazevskaya, 42), researcher, specialist in the field chemistry and chemical technology. E-mail: mesarycheva@gmail.com.
Popov Vladimir — Institute of Photon Technologies of Federal Scientific Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics” of Russian Academy of Sciences (2 Pionerskaya street, Troitsk, Moscow, Russia, 108840), Dr Sci (Phys-Math), head of laboratory, leading researcher, specialist in physical chemistry, laser technologies. E-mail: popov@laser.ru.
Reference citing:
Trifanova E.M., Nikolaeva M.E., Popov V.K. Sintez i harakterizaciya nanorazmernyh apkonvertiruyushchih fosforov NaYF4:Yb3+:Er3+/NaYF4[Synthesis and characterization of upconversion nanophosphors NaYF4:Yb3+:Er3+/NaYF4]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2021, no. 12, pp. 40 – 50. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-12-40-50
Investigation of properties
of composite electrode materials
based on fluorocarbon
I. A. Putsylov, M. V. Negorodov, P. D. Ivanov,
V. A. Zhorin, S. E. Smirnov
The influence of the composition of the composite electrode on its electrochemical characteristics is investigated. The optimal ratio between the components of the solid-phase cathode is established: (86 % CFx: Ag2V4O11): 7 % ECA : 7 % SPE. A comparative analysis of the characteristics of solid-phase electrodes based on fluorocarbon and composite compositions ones is carried out. It is shown that the composite electrode has an increase in the average discharge potential compared to a conventional fluorocarbon one of about 0.1 V, the specific energy increases by 11.2 %, and the specific capacity increases by 7.6 %. Models of current sources with polymer electrolyte have a flatter and longer discharge curve,as well as a smaller self-discharge during storage compared to models with liquid electrolyte. Thus, when stored for four months at a temperature of 90°C, the drop in the capacity of models of cells with polymer electrolyte was at the level of measurement error, while the drop in the capacity of models with liquid electrolyte was about 15 %. Tests of models of a video capsule of a video capsule endoscopy system with an energy drive from solid-phase cells and traditional lithium-fluorocarbon cells with a liquid electrolyte were carried out. It is established that solid-phase cells are superior in capacity and stability to known analogues with a liquid electrolyte.
Keywords: lithium, carbon fluoride, silver vanadate, cathode, element.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-12-51-58
Putsylov Ivan — National Research University Moscow Power Engineering Institute (Moscow 111250, Krasnokazarmennaya ul., 14), PhD (Eng), associated professor, department of Chemistry and electrochemical energetic, specialist in the field of electrochemistry. E-mail: Putsylov@yandex.ru.
Negorodov Mikhail — National Research University Moscow Power Engineering Institute (Moscow 111250, Krasnokazarmennaya ul., 14), post-graduate student, college Chemistry and electrochemical energetic department, specialist in the field of chemical current sources. E-mail: mnegorodov@mail.ru.
Ivanov Pavel — National Research University Moscow Power Engineering Institute (Moscow 111250, Krasnokazarmennaya ul., 14), post-graduate student, college Chemistry and electrochemical energetic department, specialist in the field of chemical current sources. E-mail: pa1995@mail.ru.
Zhorin Vladimir — Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics (4 Kosygina Street, Building 1, Moscow, Russian Federation 119991) Dr Sci (Phys-Math), senior research worker, specialist in the field of chemical current sources. E-mail: vzhorin@mail.ru.
Smirnov Sergey — National Research University Moscow Power Engineering Institute (Moscow 111250, Krasnokazarmennaya ul., 14), Dr Sci (Eng), professor, specialist in the field of chemical current sources. E-mail: sesmirnov53@mail.ru.
Reference citing:
Putsylov I.A., Negorodov M.V., Ivanov P.D., Zhorin V.A., Smirnov S.E. Issledovanie svojstv kompozicionnyh elektrodnyh materialov na osnove ftorugleroda [Investigation of properties of composite electrode materials based on fluorocarbon]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2021, no. 12, pp. 51 – 58. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-12-51-58
Interaction of WС and Cr3С2 carbides
during heat treatment
of WС – Cr3С2 – Сu alloys
L. E. Bodrova, E. Yu. Goida, S. Yu. Melchakov,
A. B. Shubin, O. M. Fedorova
Composite alloys WC – Cr3C2 – Cu were obtained by infiltration of copper melt into uncompacted powders WC and Cr3C2(reference alloys) and their mixtures with a weight ratio WC: Cr3C2= 1:1. Impregnation of uncompacted carbide powders with copper melt was carried out at low frequency (~ 80 Hz) vertical vibration (LFV) of the crucible with alloy components for 10 min in a resistance furnace in an atmosphere of flowing argon. The effect of heat treatment of the obtained model composites on the interaction of carbides WC and Cr3C2 under isothermal and dynamic action of temperature, as well as during high-speed cyclic heating of the alloy surface by an electric arc (120 A, 45 V, 2 Hz, 10000 arc interruption cycles) has been studied. The evolution of the structure of alloys has been investigated by means of electron microscopy, X-ray spectral microanalysis, X-ray phase and differential thermal analysis. It is shown that the action on the sample surface of the temperature field created by an electric arc leads to an intense interaction of carbides. In this case, matrix copper, periodically transforming into a melt, plays the role of a transfer medium (diffusion medium). As a result of such heat treatment in the upper layers of the alloys, finely dispersed compositions of complex carbide phases with sizes of ≤ 1 – 2 μm were formed, i.e. 1 – 2 orders of magnitude smaller than the size of the initial carbides.
Keywords: composite WC-Cr3C2-Cu, heat treatment, high-speed cyclic heating, interaction of carbides, structure dispersion.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-12-59-70
Bodrova Lyudmila —Institute of Metallurgy of Ural Branch of RAS (620016, Yekaterinburg, Amundsen st., 101), PhD (Chem.), senior researcher, specialist in the field of development and research of structure and properties of composite materials. E-mail: bоdrova-le@mail.ru.
Goyda Eduard — Institute of metallurgy of Ural Branch of RAS (620016, Yekaterinburg, Amundsen st., 101), PhD (Chem.), researcher, specialist in the field of development and research of structure and properties of composite materials. E-mail: eddy-g0d@yandex.ru.
Melchakov Stanislav —Institute of Metallurgy of Ural Branch of RAS (620016, Yekaterinburg, Amundsen st., 101), PhD (Chem.), senior researcher, specialist in the field of thermochemistry and physical chemistry of metal and salt melts, operator of scanning electron microscope. E-mail: s.yu.melchakov@gmail.com.
Shubin Alexey — Institute of Metallurgy of Ural Branch of RAS (620016, Yekaterinburg, Amundsen st., 101), Dr. Sci. (Chem), head of laboratory of Metallurgical melts, specialist in the field of physical chemistry of metallic and ionic melts. E-mail: fortran@list.ru.
Fedorova Olga — Institute of Metallurgy of Ural Branch of RAS (620016, Yekaterinburg, Amundsen st., 101), PhD (Chem), senior researcher, specialist in the field of development and research of structure of materials. E-mail: fom55@mail.ru.
Reference citing:
Bodrova L.E., Goida E.Yu., Melchakov S.Yu., Shubin A.B., Fedorova O.M. Vzaimodejstvie karbidov WC i Cr3C2pri termoobrabotke splavov WS – Cr3C2 – Cu [Interaction of WС and Cr3С2carbides during heat treatment of WС – Cr3С2 – Сu alloys]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2021, no. 12, pp. 59 – 70. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-12-59-70
Synthesis of a highly porous material
based on mechanically alloyed Cu and
Zn powders by chemical dealloying
V. S. Shustov, V. A. Zelensky, A. G. Gnedovets,
M. I. Alymov
In this work, we obtained porous materials based on Cu – Zn alloy with high permeability and developed surface. This was achieved by creating multilevel porosity in the material by a combined method that combines the use of a removable pore former and chemical etching. The effect of synthesis conditions on the structure and properties of the obtained materials is investigated. The material structure is a system of interconnected pores with a size of 300 – 400 µm, as well as pores with a size of fewer than 15 µm. On samples subjected to chemical etching, an increase in the specific surface area was observed from 0.11 to 4.12 m2/g in the case when the pore-forming agent was ammonium bicarbonate, and from 0.88 to 1.60 m2/g — when the blowing agent was potassium carbonate. The multilevel porous material had a permeability of more than 12·10–12 m2 and a porosity of
83 – 87 %. It was found that the sintering of the material is accompanied by the evaporation and condensation of zinc on the surface of the pores.
Keywords: powders, copper, zinc, mechanical alloying, sintering, chemical dealloying, multilevel porosity, permeability, surface area.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-12-71-78
Shustov Vadim — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS (119334 Moscow, Leninskiy pr., 49), PhD, researcher, specialist in the field of powder metallurgy and synthesis of porous materials. E-mail: vshscience@mail.ru.
Zelensky Viktor — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS (119334 Moscow, Leninskiy pr., 49), PhD, leading researcher, specialist in the field of powder metallurgy and synthesis of porous materials. E-mail: zelensky55@bk.ru.
Gnedovets Alexey — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS (119334 Moscow, Leninskiy pr., 49), PhD, senior researcher, specialist in the field of powder metallurgy and synthesis of porous materials. E-mail: a.gnedovets@hotmail.com.
Alymov Mikhail — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS (119334 Moscow, Leninskiy pr., 49), Dr Sci (Eng), corresponding member of RAS, head of laboratory, specialist in the field of powder metallurgy and synthesis of porous materials. E-mail: alymov@ism.ac.ru.
Reference citing:
Shustov V.S., Zelensky V.A., Gnedovets A.G., Alymov M.I. Sintez vysokoporistogo materiala na osnove mekhanicheski legirovannyh poroshkov Cu i Zn metodom himicheskogo travleniya [Synthesis of a highly porous material based on mechanically alloyed Cu and Zn powders by chemical dealloying]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2021, no. 12, pp. 71 – 78. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-12-71-78
