PERSPEKTIVNYE MATERIALY
2021, no. 3
EEffect of irradiation with high-energy
protons and ions on the structure
and properties of composite HTSC-2 tapes
A. V. Troitskii, L. Kh. Antonova, E. I. Demikhov,
T. E. Demikhov, G. N. Mikhailova
The paper considers the effect of radiation defects caused by irradiation with protons (2.5 MeV), heavy ions 132Xe27+ (167, 80, 40 MeV), 86Kr17+(107 MeV), 40Ar8+(48 MeV), on the critical parameters of HTSC-2 tapes based on compounds YBa2Cu3O7 – x and GdBa2Cu3O7 – x. The results of calculations based on the model of the thermal peak of the ion track sizes are presented. The projective ranges of ions and protons in these samples are calculated. The radiation resistance of the studied samples to ion and proton radiation of the indicated energies is determined. The performed studies made it possible to detect, at low fluences of irradiation with heavy ions, an increase in the critical current (Ic), an improvement in the adhesion between the superconducting layer and the substrate, and a decrease in internal stresses in the HTSC layer. At higher values of fluences, the critical current and critical temperature decrease. It is important that the decrease in Ic begins at lower fluences than Tc.
Keywords: high-temperature superconducting composites, radiation resistance, heavy ions, protons, critical current, critical temperature.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-3-5-20
Troitskii Alexey — Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow, 119991, Vavilov Str. 38), PhD, senior researcher, specialist in the field of low temperature physics, superconductivity, radiation defects. E-mail: at@kapella.gpi.ru.
Antonova Landysh — Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow, 119991 Vavilova str. 38); Moscow Polytechnic University (Moscow, 107023, Bolshaya Semyonovskaya Str., 38), PhD, senior researcher, associated professor of mathematics department, specialist in the field of semiconductor structures, high-temperature superconductivity, radiation defects in solid. E-mail: lpaa@kapella.gpi.ru.
Demikhov Evgeny — Р.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (119991 GSP-1 Moscow, Leninsky prospect, 53), Dr Sci (Phys-Math), professor, acting head of the solid state physics department, highly qualified chief researcher, specialist in condensed matter physics, scientific instrumentation, medical physics. E-mail: edemikhov@gmail.com.
Demikhov Timophei — Р.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (119991 GSP-1 Moscow, Leninsky prospect, 53), PhD, highly qualified senior researcher, specialist in the field of superconductivity, physics and technique of low temperatures. E-mail: tdemikh@lebedev.ru.
Mikhailova Galina — Prokhorov General Physics Institute of RAS (Moscow, 119991, Vavilov Str.38), Dr Sci (Phys-Math), leading researcher, specialists in the field of superconductivity, low temperature physics, laser interaction with semiconductors. E-mail: galina@kapella.gpi.ru.
Reference citing
Troitskii A.V., Antonova L.Kh., Demikhov E.I., Demikhov T.E., Mikhailova G.N. Vliyanie oblucheniya protonami i ionami vysokih energij na strukturu i svojstva kompozitnyh VTSP-2 lent [Effect of irradiation with high-energy protons and ions on the structure and properties of composite HTSC-2 tapes]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2021, no. 3, pp. 5 – 20. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-3-5-20
Conductive rubber with the effect
of positive temperature resistance
from the tire regenerate
N. V. Shadrinov, K. P. Antoev
The possibility of developing conductive rubber based on tire regenerate and conductive carbon black OMCARB CH85 is shown. The vulcanizing characteristics of the regenerates obtained by thermomechanical devulcanization using a curing group and conductive carbon black were studied. It is shown that after thermomechanical devulcanization, preservation of sulfide bonds, re-vulcanization occurs only in the presence of sulfur and vulcanization accelerators. A flocculation effect was detected upon the introduction of OMCARB CH85 into the regenerate.It is shown that tensile strength and Shore A hardness are increase with an increase in the content of conductive carbon black in the regenerate. However, there is insufficient dispersion of carbon black, a decrease in elongation at break and resistance to abrasion is observed. The study of volume resistivity showed that the resulting rubbers belong to semiconductor materials. The dependence of resistivity on temperature in the range from 10 to 80 °C is constructed. It is shown that the effect of a positive thermal coefficient is observed in all samples. The values of the positive temperature coefficient of resistance in the temperature range of 10 – 80 °C are 0.054 – 0.285 deg–1.
Keywords: electrically conductive rubber, positive temperature coefficient of resistance, devulcanization, electrically conductive carbon black.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-3-21-29
Shadrinov Nikolay — Institute of oil and gas problems SB RAS of FRC Yakut science center SB RAS (20, Avtodorozhnaya st. Yakutsk, 677007), PhD (Eng), deputy director for scientific work, expert in development and research of polymeric and composite materials. E-mail: nshadrinov@gmail.com.
Antoev Karl — Institute of oil and gas problems SB RAS of FRC Yakut science center SB RAS (20, Avtodorozhnaya st. Yakutsk, 677007), junior researcher, specialist in development and research of polymeric composites. Email: antoevkp@gmail.com.
Reference citing
Shadrinov N.V., Antoev K.P. Elektroprovodyashchaya rezina s effektom polozhitel'nogo temperaturnogo koefficienta soprotivleniya iz shinnogo regenerata [Conductive rubber with the effect of positive temperature resistance from the tire regenerate]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2021, no. 3, pp. 21 – 29. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-3-21-29
Influence of the nature of monomer
on electropolymerization processes
and physical and chemical properties of films based
on hydroxy-substituted tetraphenylporphyrins
M. V. Tesakova, V. I. Parfenyuk
The ability to oxidatively polymerization from a solution in ethanol of tetraphenylporphyrin derivatives: 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin, 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(3-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin, Zn-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin, Zn-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(3-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin were studied. The polymerization of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(3-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin does not occur; three of the four studied porphyrins form thin transparent polyporphyrin films tightly adhered to the electrodes surface. The influence of the nature of the monomer, the deposition mode, and the supporting electrolyte used on the process of electropolymerization and the properties of the deposited polyporphyrin films were studied. The spectral changes observed during the deposition of the films indicate that the generation of the polyporphyrin films occurs through the formation of C–O–C bonds and the keep of the porphyrin macroheterocycle in polyporphyrin.
Keywords:polyporphyrin films, electropolymerization, IR spectroscopy, electronic absorption spectra, scanning electron microscopy.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-3-30-41
Tesakova Mariya — G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of Russian Academy of Science (Akademicheskaya st., 1, Ivanovo, 153045, Russia), PhD (Eng), research worker, specialist in electrochemistry and material science. E-mail: mvt@isc-ras.ru.
Parfenyuk Vladimir — G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of Russian Academy of Science (Akademicheskaya st., 1, Ivanovo, 153045, Russia), Dr Sci (Chem), professor, chief scientist, specialist in chemistry of materials. E-mail: vip@isc-ras.ru.
Reference citing
Tesakova M.V., Parfenyuk V.I. Vliyanie prirody monomera na processy elektropolimerizacii i fiziko-himicheskie svojstva plenok na osnove gidroksi-zameshchennyh tetrafenilporfirinov [Influence of the nature of monomer on electropolymerization processes and physical and chemical properties of films based on hydroxy-substituted tetraphenylporphyrins]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2021, no. 3, pp. 30 – 41. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-3-30-41
Analysis of plasma effect on ultrahigh-molecular
weight polyethylene fibers’ surface energy
on strength of fibers
and fiber reinforced composites
V. I. Mamonov
Completely saturated chemical bonds in ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers — is a reason of their low surface energy (FSE), i.e. inert properties. Elongated crystal structure of UHMWPE molecules ensures high anisotropic tensile strength of the fibers. An inertness is a problem for utilization these fibers in high-strength composites production. Surface energy (SE) difference of the fibers and a binder in fiber/matrix system hinders chemical interaction at interphase boundary and worsens fiber wettability. Increase in their FSE is a topical task for this problem decision. Necessary condition of FSE increase is the integrity of molecule structure, lying under modified surface. Low temperature, nonequilibrium plasma (LTP) treatment in a medium of argon and argon/propane mixture, used in this work for plasma activation of fibers’ surface, permits to abide by this condition. However, plasma ion bombardment during a process of activation can modify interior crystal structure and, as a result, decrease their strength. The rovings SK75 (Holland) and D800 (China) were used for study the properties of UHMWPE fibers after plasma treatment. Activation effect on FSE, strength, and fibers’ wetting by water and epoxy binder before and after ageing was studied. Capillary wetting of the fibers by distilled water used for FSE evaluation. The data of filaments surface structure and their diameter’ change at maximal load, obtained by optical microscope study, were used for the analysis of FSE and epoxy matrix effect on the strength of fiber/matrix systems. Essential distinction of SK75 and D800 fibers properties is ascertained. Negative effect of fibers’ and matrix’s stiffness, as well as increased FSE of stiff fibers on the strength of fiber/matrix system is revealed.
Keywords: Ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE); low temperature, nonequilibrium plasma (LTP); fiber surface energy (FSE); wetting; stiff and plastic matrix; fiber strength’ utilization factor; ageing.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-3-42-54
Mamonov Vladimir — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science (119334, Moscow, Leninsky prospect, 49), senior staff scientist, expert in fiber composites experimental investigation. E-mail: Voletic@mail.ru.
Reference citing
Mamonov V.I. Analiz vliyaniya plazmennoj aktivacii na energiyu poverhnosti volokon sverhvysokomolekulyarnogo polietilena, na prochnost' volokon i armirovannyh voloknami kompozitov [Analysis of plasma effect on ultrahigh-molecular weight polyethylene fibers’ surface energy on strength of fibers and fiber reinforced composites]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2021, no. 3, pp. 42 – 54. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-3-42-54
Effect of energy mechanical pre-treatment
on the structural-mechanical properties
of (Co – Cr – Mo) alloys obtained
by spark plasma sintering
Nguyen Van Minh, Nguyen Tien Hiep, Yu. V. Konyukhov,
I. R. Golov, Nguyen Thai Ha
We studied the effect of energy mechanical pre-treatment (EMT) of the initial (Co – Cr – Mo) alloy powders in a vortex layer of ferromagnetic bodies on the structural-mechanical properties of products obtained by spark plasma sintering (SPS). To study the properties of powder and compact samples, the methods of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical microscopy, determining the bending strength and microhardness on the Vickers scale were used. It was shown that the EMT of powders for a short time (1 – 3 min) leads to intense plastic deformation of a large part of the initial rounded particles, forming irregular- and plate-shaped particles with high surface roughness. As a result, EMT has a positive effect on spark plasma sintering process of powder, makes it possible to obtain a densely sintered material with a low-porous structure. It was found that the sample pre-treated under EMT for 3 min is compacted during sintering process to a high level (relative density reached 98.3 %) and its mechanical properties has greatly improved (microhardness and bending strength are 16 % and 14 % respectively higher than the sample without pre-treatment). The improvement of structural and mechanical properties of sintered specimens pre-treated under EMT is a result of intensification of diffusion mass transfer processes during sintering due to the plastic deformation of material, change in the shape, surface state of the powder particles and an increase in the total contact area between them. High surface roughness and deviation of particles from the round form lead to a decrease in the radii of curvature of their contact surfaces and, consequently, to an increase in the Laplace forces value, which play a dominant role in the diffusion mass transfer processes during sintering.
Keywords:cobalt, mechanical properties, density, microhardness, bending strength, energy-mechanical treatment, spark plasma sintering.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-3-55-64
Nguyen Van Minh —Institute of Technology (3 Cau Vong Street, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam), PhD (Eng), specialist in nanotechnologies and nanomaterials (metallurgy). E-mail: chinhnhan88@gmail.com.
Nguyen Tien Hiep — Le Quy Don Technical University (236 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam), lecturer. E-mail: htnru7@yandex.ru.
Konyukhov Yury — National University of Science and Technology MISiS (119049, Moscow, Leninskiy pr., 4), Dr Sci (Eng), associate professor, specialist in materials science (metallurgy). E-mail: martensit@mail.ru.
Golov Ilya — National University of Science and Technology MISiS (119049, Moscow, Leninskiy pr., 4), master. E-mail: gorlym@live.ru.
Nguyen Thai Ha — Institute of Technology (3 Cau Vong Street, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam), researcher. E-mail: thaihabwde@gmail.com.
Reference citing
Nguyen Van Minh, Nguyen Tien Hiep, Konyukhov Yu.V., Golov I.R., Nguyen Thai Ha. Vliyanie energomekhanicheskoj obrabotki na strukturno-mekhanicheskie svojstva Co – Cr – Mo splavov, poluchennyh metodom iskrovogo plazmennogo spekani [Effect of energy mechanical pre-treatment on the structural-mechanical properties of (Co – Cr – Mo) alloys obtained by spark plasma sintering]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2021, no. 3, pp. 55 – 64. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-3-55-64
Effect of precursor ultrasonic treatment
on synthesis, texture characteristics
and electrical conductivity of NiCo2O4
L. V. Morozova
The high-dispersed powder−precursors of nickel−cobalt spinel (NiCo2O4) was synthesized by the method of coprecipitation of the nickel and cobalt hydroxides with followed by drying (150 °C) and ultrasonic (US) treatment of the precipitate. The influence of US−treatment on the texture characteristics of the precursors and NiCo2O4 powders was established. The possibility of obtaining nanodispersed (crystallite size < 20 nm), mesoporous powders (pore size 3 − 15 nm) of nickel−cobalt spinel at a temperature of 700 °C is shown. The change in the specific electrical conductivity of sintered NiCo2O4 samples in the temperature range of 100 – 800 °C was studied, the value of σ can vary from 0.1 to 7.0 Sm/cm.
Keywords:Nickel-cobalt spinel, coprecipitation, ultrasonic treatment, nanocrystallites, mesopores, specific electrical conductivity.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-3-65-75
Morozova Ludmila — Grebenshchikov Institute of Silicate Chemistry of RAS (Makarov emb. 2, St.-Petersburg, 199155 Russia), PhD, senior researcher, specialists in the field of physical chemistry and methods of synthesis of oxide nanomaterials. E-mail: morozova_l_v@mail.ru.
Reference citing
Morozova L.V. Vliyanie ul'trazvukovoj obrabotki prekursora na sintez, harakteristiki tekstury i elektroprovodnost' NiCo2O4 [Effect of precursor ultrasonic treatment on synthesis, texture characteristics and electrical conductivity of NiCo2O4]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2021, no. 3, pp. 65 – 75. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-3-65-75
Application of wideband laser-ultrasonic
spectroscopy for non-destructive control
of porosity in carbon plastics
with various volume content of carbon fiber
Yu. G. Sokolovskaya, N. B. Podymova, A. A. Karabutov
In this work, to obtain the frequency dependences of the phase velocity of longitudinal acoustic waves in composite materials, we use the method of broadband laser-ultrasonic spectroscopy, based on laser thermo-optical excitation of broadband acoustic pulses. Unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced plasticsampes with different volume contents of the matrix and fiber were taken as objects of study.For the studied samples, the frequency dependences of the phase velocity were obtained in the spectral range of 0.8 – 10 MHz, and the existence of the phase velocity dispersion in this range was shown. The phase velocity dispersion of longitudinal acoustic waves in the sample was calculated using the phase spectra of the probe ultrasonic pulse and the pulse transmitted through the sample under study. It is also shown that the relative dispersion of the phase velocity characterizes the porosity of the sample, and the higher the porosity, the greater the relative dispersion. Empirical relations obtained for the relationship between porosity and relative dispersion can be used for the operational non-destructive assessment of the porosity of composites. The results obtained can be useful both for quality control of the materials obtained with the aim of modernizing manufacturing technologies and for predicting the behavior of structures and parts of this material under external loads.
Keywords: carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRPs), polymer composite materials, ultrasonic methods, laser ultrasonic spectroscopy, porosity, longitudinal acoustic waves, phase velocity.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-3-76-84
Sokolovskaya Yulia — M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Physics (Moscow 119991, Leninslie Gori, 1/2), engineer, specialist in the field of laser optoacoustic methods of studying composite materials and other condensed matter. E--mail: yu.sokolovskaya@mail.ru.
Podymova Natalia — M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Physics (Moscow 119991, Leninslie Gori, 1/2), PhD, associate professor, specialist in the field of laser optoacoustics, optoacoustic methods of studying composite materials and other condensed matter. E-mail: npodymova@mail.ru.
Karabutov Alexander — M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, International Laser Center (Moscow 119991, Leninslie Gori, 1/62), PhD, professor, specialist in the field of acoustics and laser optoacoustics. E-mail: aak@optoacoustic.ru.
Reference citing
Sokolovskaya Yu. G. , Podymova N. B. , Karabutov A. A. Primenenie shirokopolosnoj lazerno-ul'trazvukovoj spektroskopii dlya nerazrushayushchego kontrolya poristosti ugleplastikov s razlichnym ob"emnym soderzhaniem uglerodnogo volokna [Application of wideband laser-ultrasonic spectroscopy for non-destructive control of porosity in carbon plastics with various volume content of carbon fiber]. Perspektivnye Materialy — Advanced Materials (in Russ), 2021, no. 3, pp. 76 – 84. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2021-3-76-84
