PERSPEKTIVNYE MATERIALY
2022, No.6
Microstructure, structural-phase transformations
and mechanical properties of low-activation
12 % chromium ferritic-martensitic steel EK-181
depending on the treatment conditions
N. A. Polekhina, I. Y. Litovchenko, K. V. Almaeva,
A. N. Tyumentsev, V. M. Chernov, M. V. Leontieva-Smirnova
The results of investigations of the treatment conditions influence on the regularities of structural-phase transformations, microstructure and mechanical properties of heat-resistant low-activation 12 % chromium ferritic-martensitic steel EK-181 are summarized. The physical factors responsible for increasing the yield strength of steel, the relationship of microstructure features with strength and plastic properties are revealed. The regularities of plastic deformation of steel are established. The modes of step-by-step heat treatment (SHT) and high-temperature thermomechanical treatment (HTMT) are presented, which lead to the formation of structural states with high values of dispersion and volume fraction of nanoscale particles V(C, N), dislocation density and internal stresses. These modes provide a significant (by ≈ 20 %) increase in the strength properties of steel in a wide (from –196 to 800 °C) temperature range, while maintaining a sufficient reserve of plasticity and increasing its thermal stability, compared with the traditional heat treatment mode (THT).
Keywords:ferritic-martensitic steel, low-activation steel, structural-phase transformations, microstructure, mechanical properties, dispersed hardening, substructural hardening, fracture mechanisms, thermal stability, electron microscopy.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2022-6-5-24
Polekhina Nadezhda — Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS (Tomsk, 634021, Akademichesky Ave., 2/4), researcher; National Research Tomsk State University (Tomsk, 634050, Lenin Ave., 36), junior researcher, PhD (Phys-Math), specialist in solid state physics. E-mail: nadejda89tsk@yandex.ru.
Litovchenko Igor — Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS (Tomsk, 634021, Akademichesky Ave., 2/4), head of laboratory; National Research Tomsk State University (Tomsk, 634050, Lenin Ave., 36), associate professor, Dr. Sci. (Phys-Math), associate professor, specialist in solid state physics. E-mail: litovchenko@spti.tsu.ru.
Almaeva Ksenia — Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS (Tomsk, 634021, Akademichesky Ave., 2/4), junior researcher, specialist in solid-state physics. E-mail: kseni_ya_almaeva@mail.ru.
Tyumentsev Alexander — Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS (Tomsk, 634021, Akademichesky Ave., 2/4), leading researcher; National Research Tomsk State University (Tomsk, 634050, Lenin Ave., 36), Dr. Sci. (Phys-Math), professor, specialist in solid state physics. E-mail: tyuments@phys.tsu.ru.
Chernov Vyacheslav — JSC High-tech Research Institute of Inorganic Materials named after Academician A. A. Bochvar (Moscow, 123098, Rogova str. 5a), Dr. Sci. (Phys-Math), professor, chief researcher, specialist in materials science and radiation materials science. E-mail: VMChernov@bochvar.ru.
Leontieva-Smirnova Maria — JSC High-tech Research Institute of Inorganic Materials named after Academician A. A. Bochvar (Moscow, 123098, Rogova str. 5a), PhD, associate professor, head of the department, specialist in materials science and radiation materials science. E-mail: MVLeonteva-Smirnova@bochvar.ru.
Polekhina N.A., Litovchenko I.Y., Almaeva K.V., Tyumentsev A.N., Chernov V.M., Leontieva-Smirnova M.V. Mikrostruktura, strukturno-fazovye prevrashcheniya i mekhanicheskie svojstva maloaktiviruemoj 12 %-j hromistoj ferritno-martensitnoj stali EK-181 v zavisimosti ot uslovij obrabotki [Microstructure, structural-phase transformations and mechanical properties of low-activation 12 % chromium ferritic-martensitic steel EK-181 depending on the treatment conditions]. Perspektivnye Materialy [Advanced Materials] (in Russ), 2022, no. 6, pp. 5 – 24. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2022-6-5-24
Multigroup simulation of protection
against neutron and gamma radiation
by materials based on titanium hydride
R. N. Yastrebinsky, G. G. Bondarenko, A. A. Karnauhov,
A. V. Yastrebinskaya, L. V. Denisova
The paper presents calculated data on a comparative assessment of the radiation-protective properties of materials based on titanium hydride, obtained by the method of multigroup modeling of protection against neutron and gamma radiation. Two types of compositions behind the steel reactor vessel and lead shielding are considered. It is shown that gamma radiation behind the protection of titanium hydride is formed by capture radiation arising in the initial layers of the protection. Secondary gamma radiation generated during the passage of a neutron flux through the thickness of the composite does not have a noticeable effect on the value of the functionals of gamma quanta behind the shield. The high efficiency of materials based on titanium hydride shot is shown. Behind the protection of a composite based on titanium hydride shot 1 m thick, the dose rate of fast neutrons is three orders of magnitude lower, and the dose rate of gamma rays is two orders of magnitude less than behind serpentinite concrete. The introduction of boron atoms into the composition of the composite, which has a large neutron absorption cross section in the thermal and suprathermal regions of the spectrum, reduces the effect of accumulation of thermal neutrons and the level of captured gamma radiation, but does not affect the attenuation of fast neutrons. The necessity of using titanium hydride shot on a cement binder is shown, which prevents the formation of voids in the protection structure and the gap of neutrons.
Keywords: titanium hydride, neutron radiation, gamma radiation, protection, secondary gamma radiation, multigroup modeling.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2022-6-25-36
Yastrebsinsky Roman — Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov (46 Kostyukova street, Belgorod, 308012, RF), Dr. Sci. (Eng), director of the Chemical institute of technology, specialist in the field of physics of condensed media, radiation materials, physical and colloid chemistry. E-mail: yrndo@mail.ru.
Bondarenko Gennady Germanovich — National Research University Higher School of Economics (20 Myasnitskaya street, Moscow 101000, RF), Dr. Sci. (Phys-Math), professor, specialist in the field of physics condensed media, radiation materials, physicochemical properties of substances. E-mail: bondarenko_gg@rambler.ru.
Karnukhov Aleksandr —Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov (46 Kostyukova street, Belgorod, 308012, RF), graduate student, specialist in the field of physics of condensed media, radiation materials science. E-mail: gamma.control@ya.ru.
Yastrebinskaya Anna — Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov (46 Kostyukova street, Belgorod, 308012, RF), PhD (Eng), associate professor, specialist in the field of condensed matter physics, radiation materials science, labor protection. E-mail: karanna1@mail.ru.
Denisova Lyubov — Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov (46 Kostyukova street, Belgorod, 308012, RF), PhD (Chem), professor, specialist in the field of physics and chemistry of condensed media. E-mail: Lovedden13@mail.ru.
Yastrebinsky R.N., Bondarenko G.G., Karnauhov A.A., Yastrebinskaya A.V., Denisova L.V. Mnogogruppovoe modelirovanie zashchity ot nejtronnogo i gamma izlucheniya materialami na osnove gidrida titana [Multigroup simulation of protection against neutron and gamma radiation by materials based on titanium hydride]. Perspektivnye Materialy [Advanced Materials] (in Russ), 2022, no. 6, pp. 25 – 36. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2022-6-25-36
Highly porous composite hydrogel materials
b-Ca3(PO4)2/polyethylene glycol diacrylate
P. V. Evdokimov, A. K. Kiseleva, A. V. Shibaev,
O. E. Filippova, E. S. Novoseletskaya, A. Yu. Efimenko,
I. M. Scherbakov, G. A. Shipunov, V. E. Dubrov, V. I. Putlayev
The possibility of obtaining highly porous composite hydrogel materials for biomedical applications based on tricalcium phosphate in a polyethylene glycol diacrylate matrix, aimed to repair bone defects, was studied. The influence of different contents of inorganic filler particles on the mechanical characteristics of highly porous hydrogel composites β-Ca3(PO4)2/polyethylene glycol diacrylate was studied. The possibility of creating highly porous composite materials with specified elastic properties is demonstrated. The dependence of the viscoelastic properties of the obtained materials on the size of the given porosity is shown. Varying the proportion of tricalcium phosphate in the highly porous hydrogel material makes it possible to control the relative stiffness of the composite.
Keywords:biomaterials, bone tissue regeneration, calcium phosphate, hydrogel, composite, macroporosity.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2022-6-37-45
Evdokimov Pavel — Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry (119991, Moscow, Leninsky avenue, 31 ) Lomonosov Moscow State University (119991, Moscow, Leninskiye Gory 1, bld. 3), PhD (Chem.), assistant professor, specialist in the field of material science. E-mail: pavel.evdokimov@gmail.com..
Kiseleva Anna — Lomonosov Moscow State University (119991, Moscow, Leninskiye Gory 1, bld. 3), student, specialist in calcium phosphate. E-mail: anyatca@ya.ru.
Shibaev Andrey — Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Physics (Moscow, 119991, Leninskie Gory, 1, bld.2), PhD (Phys), senior research associate, specialist in polymer gels. E-mail: shibaev@polly.phys.msu.ru.
Philippova Olga — Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Physics (Moscow, 119991, Leninskie Gory, 1, bld.2), Dr. Sci. (Phys-Math), professor, specialist in polymers and colloids. E-mail: shibaev@polly.phys.msu.ru.
Novoseletskaya Ekaterina —Lomonosov Moscow State University, (Moscow, 119991, Leninskie Gory, 1), PhD (Biology), researcher, specialist in the field of stem cells. E-mail: kuznecova2793@mail.ru.
Efimenko Anastasiya —Lomonosov Moscow State University (Moscow, 119991, Leninskie Gory, 1), PhD (medicine), head of the lab of reparation and regeneration of tissues. E-mail: efimenkoan@gmail.com.
Shipunov Georgii — Lomonosov Moscow State University (Moscow, 119991, Leninskie Gory, 1), PhD student, specialist in the field of bone tissue regeneration. E-mail:
shipunovgeorge@gmail.com.
Scherbakov Ivan — Lomonosov Moscow State University (119991, Moscow, Leninskiye Gory 1, bld. 3), PhD (chem.), assistant professor, specialist in the field of bone tissue regeneration. E-mail: imscherbackov@yandex.ru.
Dubrov Vadim — Lomonosov Moscow State University (119991, Moscow, Leninskiye Gory 1), Dr. Sci. (Medicine), head of the general and specialized surgery, specialist in the field of bone tissue regeneration. E-mail: vduort@gmail.com.
Putlayev Valery — Lomonosov Moscow State University (119991, Moscow, Leninskiye Gory 1, bld. 3), PhD (Chem.), associated professor, specialist in the field of material science. E-mail: valery.putlayev@gmail.com.
Evdokimov P.V., Kiseleva A.K., Shibaev A.V., Filippova O.E., Novoseletskaya E.S., Efimenko A.Yu., Scherbakov I.M., Shipunov G.A., Dubrov V.E., Putlayev V.I. Issledovanie vysokoporistyh kompozitnyh gidrogelevyh materialov -Ca3(PO4)2/polietilenglikol' diakrilat [Highly porous composite hydrogel materials b-Ca3(PO4)2/polyethylene glycol diacrylate]. Perspektivnye Materialy [Advanced Materials] (in Russ), 2022, no. 6, pp. 37 – 45. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2022-6-37-45
Microporous carbon material
with high adsorption rates
A. E. Memetova, A. D. Zelenin, N. R. Memetov,
A. V. Babkin, A. V. Gerasimova
A compacted microporous carbon material (CMC-032) was obtained, which has a number of unique properties: a high specific surface area according to BET (SBET= 2384 m2/g), a large volume of micropores (~ 0.95 cm3/g), and a very high ability to retain methane 336 m3/v3. Sorbent CMC-032 is obtained by activating polymer raw materials with potassium hydroxide and compaction by hot pressing using polyvinyl alcohol as a binder. In the most demanded range of methane accumulation pressures of 3,5 – 10,0 MPa, the amount of accumulated methane in the system with CMC-032 reaches 270 m3/m3. The amount of methane stored in the system with and without CMC-032 adsorbent at 100 bar differs by about 3 times. The physicochemical properties of the obtained CMC-032 adsorbent were studied using methods including adsorption-desorption of N2 at 77 K, X-ray diffraction analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Based on the adsorption characteristics, it was found that CMC-032 is a promising material for storing natural gas methane. It is assumed that the high adsorption capacity is due to the high micropore volume and packing density.
Keywords:carbon material, compaction, methane storage, adsorption.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2022-6-46-53
Memetova Anastasia — Tambov State Technical University (392000, Tambov, Sovetskaya St., 106), PhD, associate professor of the Department “Technique and technology of production of nanoproducts”, sorption specialist. E-mail: anastasia.90k@mail.ru.
Zelenin Andrey — Tambov State Technical University (392000, Tambov, Sovetskaya St., 106), leading engineer, specialist in nanotechnology. E-mail: zeleandrey@yandex.ru.
Memetov Nariman — Tambov State Technical University (392000, Tambov, Sovetskaya St., 106), PhD, associate professor, head of the department of Nanotechnology engineering, nanotechnology, specialist in nanotechnologies. E-mail: memetov.nr92@mail.tstu.ru.
Babkin Alexander — Tambov State Technical University (392000, Tambov, Sovetskaya St., 106); JSC State Research and Design Institute of Rare Metal Industry “Giredmet” (111524, Moscow, Electrodnaya st., 2, building 1), PhD, leading researcher, specialist in the field of carbon nanomaterials. E-mail: a.v.babkin93@yandex.ru.
Gerasimova Alena — Tambov State Technical University (392000, Tambov, Sovetskaya St., 106), assistant of the department Technique and technology for the production of nanoproducts, specialist in nanotechnology. E-mail: alyona_gerasimova_92@mail.ru.
Memetova A.E., Zelenin A.D., Memetov N.R., Babkin A.V., Gerasimova A.V. Mikroporistyj uglerodnyj material s vysokoj ob"emnoj emkost'yu akkumulirovaniya metana [Microporous carbon material with high adsorption rates]. Perspektivnye Materialy [Advanced Materials] (in Russ), 2022, no. 6, pp. 46 – 53. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2022-6-46-53
The effect of the filler type on the properties
of epoxy anhydride compound
Yu. M. Yevtushenko, K. M. Borisov, G. P. Goncharuk,
Yu. A. Grigoriev, I. O. Kuchkina,
M. S. Piskarev, V. G. Shevchenko
The properties of quartz flour, glass balls and basalt powder as fillers of an epoxy-anhydride compound are investigated, the values of thermal conductivity of filler powders obtained by the probe method on the MIT-1 device according to GOST 30256 are presented. The rheological properties of the components of compounds A and B, as well as the corresponding mixed compositions on the MCR-92 device were studied. The cured compounds were characterized by thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry on the STA 449F3 Jupiter (NETZSCH) device. Using the Fluke PM 6303A RLC meter, data on the frequency dependence of electrical resistance and physical and mechanical properties of compounds were obtained using the Shimadzu AGSH bursting machine (Japan). It is shown that the nature of the filler determines the properties and formation of the polymer-filler interface as one of the key components of the composite material. Data on the influence of the nature of fillers on the operational properties of filling compounds are obtained
Keywords: compound, glass balls, basalt powder, quartz flour, interface.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2022-6-54-65
Yevtushenko Yuri — Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of RAS (Profsoyuznaya 70, 117393, Moscow), Dr Sci (Chem), senior researcher, specialist in polymer and composite materials. E-mail: evt-yuri@mail.ru.
Borisov Kirill — Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of RAS (Profsoyuznaya 70, 117393, Moscow), junior researcher, PhD, specialist in polymer and composite materials spectroskopy. E-mail: bora.91@mail.ru.
Goncharuk Galina — Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of RAS (Profsoyuznaya 70, 117393, Moscow), PhD (Chem), senior researcher, specialist in testing of polymer and composite materials E-mail: ggoncharuk@ispm.ru.
Grigoriev Yuri — Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of RAS (Profsoyuznaya 70, 117393, Moscow), Dr Sci (Chem), research associate, specialist in composite materials. E-mail: ggricha@mail.ru.
Kuchkina Irina — Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of RAS (Profsoyuznaya 70, 117393, Moscow), senior researcher, specialist in thermogravimetry. E-mail: iokuchkina@yandex.ru.
Piskariov Michail —Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of RAS (Profsoyuznaya 70, 117393, Moscow), Dr Sci (Chem), senior researcher, specialist in polymer and composite materials. E-mail: michailpbskarev@gmail.com.
Shevchenko Vitali — Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of RAS (Profsoyuznaya 70, 117393, Moscow), Dr Sci (Chem), leading researcher, specialist in the field of electrically conductive composite materials. E-mail: shev@ispm.ru.
Yevtushenko Yu.M., Borisov K.M., Goncharuk G.P., Grigoriev Yu.A., Kuchkina I.O., Piskarev M.S., Shevchenko V.G. Vliyanie prirody napolnitelya na svojstva epoksidno-angidridnogo kompaunda [The effect of the filler type on the properties of epoxy anhydride compound]. Perspektivnye Materialy [Advanced Materials] (in Russ), 2022, no. 6, pp. 54 – 65. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2022-6-54-65
Using composite materials with magnesium
matrix for plain bearings
A. I. Kovtunov, Yu. Yu. Khokhlov, S. V. Myamin
Technology for the formation of composite materials with a magnesium matrix and a filler based on lead alloys has been proposed, which makes it possible to increase the tribotechnical properties of plain bearings. According to the proposed technology, a porous magnesium matrix with open porosity is obtained by filtration of a magnesium melt through water-soluble granules, which, after solidification of the melt, are leached into a solution of acetic acid. To obtain a composite casting, a porous magnesium matrix is impregnated with lead or lead alloys. The conducted studies of the formation processes of a composite material with a magnesium matrix and babbit filler showed that the proposed technology makes it possible to obtain composite materials with satisfactory filling of porous magnesium with babbit without discontinuities and visible defects. Filling temperature was 500 – 550 °С and preliminary heating temperature of porous magnesium 200 – 350 °С. Properties of the obtained composite with a magnesium matrix and Babbitt filler showed that the material has a lower, almost 2 times, density, higher thermal conductivity and better performance properties than lead-based alloys.
Keywords: Composite materials, magnesium, plain bearings, lead, Babbitt, wear resistance.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2022-6-66-70
Kovtunov Alexander —Togliatti State University (445020 Togliatti, Belorusskaya str., 14), Dr Sci (Eng), professor of the Department Welding, material pressure processing and related processes, Institute of mechanical engineering, specialist in the field of welding and casting of non-ferrous metals. E-mail: akovtunov@rambler.ru.
Khokhlov Yury — Togliatti State University (445020 Togliatti, Belorusskaya str., 14), head of the laboratory of the department Welding, pressure processing and related processes, specialist in welding and casting of non-ferrous metals. E-mail: Y.Y.Khokhlov@rambler.ru.
Mamin Sergey — Togliatti State University (445020 Togliatti, Belorusskaya str., 14), engineer of the 2nd category of Scientific research center Welding, specialist in the field of mechanical tests. E-mail: oddknock@mail.ru.
Kovtunov A.I., Khokhlov Yu.Yu., Myamin S.V. Primenenie kompozicionnyh materialov s magnievoj matricej dlya podshipnikov skol'zheniya [Using composite materials with magnesium matrix for plain bearings]. Perspektivnye Materialy [Advanced Materials] (in Russ), 2022, no. 6, pp. 66 – 70. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2022-6-66-70
Carbide-based cermet plasma coatings
TiC – Cr3C2 – WC
V. I. Kalita, A. A. Radyuk, D. I. Komlev,
A. B. Mikhailova, A. V. Alpatov, D. D. Titov
Five cermet coatings based on carbides 45TiC – 10Cr3C2 – 5WC with different contents of additional carbon were formed by plasma spraying with local protection: 0; 1.4; 2 and 2.8 %. In four cermets, the matrix was based on Ni – 20Cr. In one cermet, the alloy used was 38.5Co – 32Ni – 21Cr – 8Al – 0.5Y. All matrices were additionally introduced Mo. Powders for spraying were obtained by crushing cakes. In the particles of the obtained powders, carbides are distributed relatively uniformly; in coatings, this is noticeable to a lesser extent. After liquid-phase sintering, WC and Mo are not fixed in cermets; part of the Cr3C2 carbide passes to another structural state. The initial carbides in the cake and coating partially dissolve and, upon solidification and together with matrix elements and additional carbon, form an annular zone around the initial TiC carbide, decreasing its lattice period, X-ray fixes TiMoC2 carbide, the content of which is higher than the content of TiC carbide in the initial mixture. The content of the initial carbides in the coatings, measured by optical microscopy, decreases from 71 vol.% In the powder to 48 vol.% At the minimum plasma power and up to 36 vol.% At the maximum power. The average total TiMoC2 content of carbides in coatings according to x-ray data for four cermets is 76 %, higher than their content in spraying powders, 72 %, due to higher spray hardening rates. The average microhardness for all coatings is 22.01 GPa with an indenter load of 20 gf, which is lower than the average microhardness for all powders, 23.51 GPa. With an indenter load of 200 gf, the average microhardness for all coatings of 15.88 GPa corresponds to the average microhardness for all powders, 15.17 GPa.
Keywords: cermet coatings, TiC, Cr3C2, WC, matrix, NiCr, CoNiCrAlY, Mo, TiMoC2, plasma spraying, local protection, microhardness.
DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2022-6-71-84
Kalita Vasilii — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Sciences of Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow, 119334, Leninsky Prospect, 49), Dr Sci (Eng), head of laboratory, specialist in the field of plasma spraying. E-mail: vkalita@imet.ac.ru.
Radiuk Aleksei — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Sciences of Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow, 119334, Leninsky Prospect, 49), junior researcher, specialist in the field of plasma spraying. E-mail: imet-lab25@yandex.ru.
Komlev Dmitry — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Sciences of Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow, 119334, Leninsky Prospect, 49), PhD, leading researcher, specialist in the field of plasma spraying. E-mail: imet-lab25@yandex.ru.
Shamrai` Vladimir — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Sciences RAS (Moscow, 119334, Leninsky Prospect, 49), Dr Sci (Phys-Math), chief researcher, specialist of crystal structural research. E-mail: shamray@imet.ac.ru.
Mihai`lova Alexandera — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS (Moscow, 119334, Leninsky Prospect, 49), PhD, senior researcher, specialist in the field of X-ray phase analysis. E-mail: sasham1@mail.ru.
Alpatov Alexander — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS (Moscow, 119334, Leninsky Prospect, 49), PhD, senior researcher, specialist in the field of diagnostics of materials for the content of light elements. E-mail: alpat72@mail.ru.
Titov Dmitrii — Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS (Moscow, 119334, Leninsky Prospect, 49), PhD, senior researcher, specialist in the field of analysis and technology for the production of ceramic materials. E-mail: mitytitov@gmail.com.
Kalita V.I., Radyuk A.A., Komlev D.I., Mikhailova A.B., Alpatov A.V., Titov D.D. Kermetnye plazmennye pokrytiya na osnove karbidov TiC – Cr3C2 – WC [Carbide-based cermet plasma coatings TiC – Cr3C2 – WC]. Perspektivnye Materialy [Advanced Materials] (in Russ), 2022, no. 6, pp. 71 – 84. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2022-6-71-84
